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Penitential Sorrows.

1773.
titles or wealth: --- I claim, let me
repeat it, the name, the name alone,
of wife. Thou shalt not have caufe
to be ashamed of me," I added, clafp-
ing his knees."With that name let
me enjoy one day of tears with my
parents, and then bury me in fome
unknown retreat, throw me into a
dungeon, ftab me, kill me; -- and I
wil blefs thee. Reflect, my lord,
that it was upon thy promife of ac-
knowledging me to for thy wife that
I was feduced, ruined. Wouldst thou
bufe the credulity of an unfortunate
creature, who hath not upon earth a
friend but thee?" —

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thy crimes -Appear, as thou art,
my deftroyer, the deftroyer of a whole
family. And canft thou be fo bar-
barous as to refufe me death? The
grave is the only afylum for me, and
fhall I not be fuffered to plunge into
it? - Heaven furely will take pity
on a wretch who has not another re-
fource."

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I was distracted; and, as he attempted to proceed, I started up, and, fnatching a knife which lay upon the chimney-piece, This," I cried,

Tears and fobs choaked my utterance. I was overwhelmed in a ftupor of grief. His lordship retired, feemingly confounded, after having whifpered fome directions to the young woman who waited on me. This creature, affected with my fituation, exerted every effort to confole me. She told me, that my lord feemed to be moved, and that he would certainly efpoufe me. But the veil was torn off; and it was no longer poffible to deceive me. The villainy of Darnley had funk into my heart in all its hor ror; and at length the maid conducted, or rather dragged, me to my apartment.

"hall rid me of my forrows."
He fprung to me, and feized the
weapon from my hand.

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There I gave myfelf up to a crowd of ideas, which vanished fucceffively. "It is eafy to die," thought I, "to throw off the burthen of a life, which I am no longer able to fupport. --But have I not fufficiently offended against religion and virtue already? --Shall I add to my crimes? --- To perish !--- to perith, without once more beholding my dear parents ! Ah! let me pour my tears, my foul, into their bofom !--- let their kifs be imprinted on my expiring lips.".

No, continued I, falling back upon a feat; "No, barbarian, thou Hait not baffle my refolution to deftroy a life which thou haft rendered odious to me. Moniter, thou haft robbed me of my honour, a bleffing infinitely preferable to that of exiftence; and wouldst thou now prevent me from putting a period to that existence, from putting a period to my fhame and mikry? Cruel man! Send me back to the place which bears teftimony to my innocence :---reftore me to that innocence which was my only wealth; rettore me to my unhappy parents to who alas! I am now a difgrace. Permit me to breathe my latt figh upon their bofom. Ah! my lord, bave I merited this punishment; or, if I have, ought I to receive it from

thee?"

And he advanced to me, holding out his hand.

"Villain, add not hypocrify to

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At length, after a tide of jarring emotions, having fixed upon a fcheme, I affumed an air of compofure; and my attendant, imagining that I was going to fall afleep, left me. Determined to execute my project immediately, I drefled myself in my ruftic habit. "Alas!" thought I, wetting it with my tears, as I put it on; "this reminds me of my happy ftate of obfcurity reminds me that I once was virtuous. --- O most affectionate of mothers, most venerable of fathers, deign to receive me once more into your arms, to enjoy at least the confolation of expiring at your feet, of expiring with your laft bleffing."

I left behind me all the poifoned prefents which Darnley had lavithed upon me. Shocked at the thought of retaining

24 retaining aught that belonged to my bafe feducer, I carried with me no ornament but a ring of fmall value, which had been prefented to me by one of my relations, and which I intended to difpofe of before I left London. With what fhame, what indig. nation, did I behold the fplendid robes, the diamonds, with which the traitor had adorned my dishonour! With my new dress, I seemed, in fome measure, to have recovered that innocence, the lofs of which I fhall, to eternity, deplore.

Anecdotes relative to Hindoftan.

My apartment was on the firft ftory; and from one of the windows of it, by the help of a curtain, I effected my efcape. Previous to my departure from this hated abode, I wrote a letter to his lord fhip, which contained nearly thefe expreffions; for forrow has rooted them in my memory.

"UNWILLING to kill myfelf, becaufe I yet dread the vengeance of that heaven which I have already offended, and because I wish to breathe my last figh upon the bofom of my parents, I have formed a refolution, the only one which is proper for my fituation, that of detefting thee, of flying from thee for ever, as my mortal foe, as the destroyer of the only bleffing which an unhappy girl poffeffed.

"Perfidious Darnley !--- Thou haft torn me from the arms of my father and mother, haft fported with the most facred oaths, haft robbed me of what is a thousand times more valuable than life, my honour; and,

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Jan.

in reward of my credulity, thou haft loaded me with infamy. Barbarous man! There was not a heart more fervently devoted to virtue than mine. With what eyes will my parents, who have paffed a life of fixty years without reproach, behold a daughter, who, though he has not numbered feventeen, is already a difgrace to her family, and to the place in which the was born? With fuch guilt upon me, my lord, I find life intolerable. From the bed of death, the voice of my forrow, my defpair, fhall reach to thee, fhall accufe, torment thee. Then perhaps remorfe will find a paffage to thy foul, and thou wilt bestow a tear upon me when it is too late. Remember, my lord, that all I asked was, the name of wife for one moment, that I might die with honour. --- Not a foul is there upon earth to protect me, to fupport me, to represent to thee my injured innocence. - I leave thee to the vengeance of God Tremble, therefore; and reflect, that the weak, though they are oppreffed upon earth, have yet a powerful defender in heaven.

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"P. S. Thou wilt find in my apartment all thy perfidious prefents. I have refumed my former habit, the only one which becomes me. Would I could, with that, have refumed my former innocence !-I carry with me naught but a heart broken by remorfe; and I embrace with joy a state of mifery, for which I thall have no caufe to blush."

[To be concluded in our next.]

An ORIENTAL ANECDOT E. T may be neceffary to premife, emperor of Hindoftan, his fons contended for the throne. After a bloody civil war, in which the youngest fon, Aurungzebe, was fuccefsful, and gained the throne, his elder brother Dara was delivered up into his hands, after fuffering a great variety of misfor

tunes.

The emperor Aurungzebe, though he rejoiced at the news that his brother had fallen into his hand, was full of perplexity and indecifion. He called a council of his nobles, and they differed in their opinions; fome

declaring for fending him by another that he should be carried through the city, to convince mankind that he was fallen for ever. Many advised against a meafure that might be full of danger from the humanity of the people; a few argued, that fuch conduct would degrade the dignity of the family of Timur. Others maintained, to whofe opinion the emperor himself feemed to lean, that it was necessary he fhould pass through the capital, to astonish mankind with the abfolute power and invincible fortune of Aurungzebe.

The

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e.

1773.

Affecting Catastrophe of Dara.

The unfortunate prince accord ingly, accompanied by his fen, entered Delhi on an elephant. This, fays a 1: certain writer, was none of the fine elephants of Ceylon and Pegu, which they were wont to ride with golden harnefs, embroidered covers,and magnificent canopies to defend them from the fun. No. It was an old animal, dirty, and lean, with a tattered cover, a pitiful feat, and the caftle open on all fides to the wind: the fplendid ornaments of his perfon were now vanifhed, like his good fortune: a dirty dreis of coarfe linen fcarce covered his body from the weather; and his wretched turban was wrapped round with a fcarf made of Cathmire wool. His face, which formerly commanded refpect with the manly regularity of its features, was now parched and hrivelled by being long expofed to the heat; and a few ftraggling locks, which appeared from his turban, prefented a grey colour unfuitable to his years. In this wretched fituation he entered Delhi; and when the mob, who crowded to the gates, knew that it was Dara, they burit into loud complaints, and hed a flood of tears. The ftreets were rendered almost impaffable by the number of the fpectators; the fhops were full of perfons of all ages and degrees. The elephant moved lowly and the progress he made was marked to thofe who were diftant, by the advancing murmur among the people. Nothing was heard around but loud complaints against fortune, and curfes on Aurungzebe. But none had the boldness to offer to refcue the unfortunate prince, though fightly guarded: they were quite unmanned by their forrow.

After wandering over the features of Dara, the eyes of the people feil on his fon: they oppofed his innocence, his youth, his graceful perfon, his hopes, and his quality, to the fate which impended over his head; and all were diffolved in grief. The infectious forrow flew over the whole city: even the poorest people forfook their work, and retired to fecret corners to weep. Dara retained his dignity upon this trying occafion. He uttered not one word; but a fettled melancholy feemed to dwell on his face. The unfortunate young prince was ready frequently to weep, being foftened by

jan. 1773.

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He

the complaints of the people; but his father checked him with a ftern look, and he endeavoured to conceal his tears. Dura, having been thus led through the principal streets of Delhi, was conducted to Chizerabad, a village four miles without the walls. was locked up, with his fon, in a mean apartment, in which he remained for fome days in hourly expectation of his death. Here he amufed himself with writing intructions for his fon Soliman; having concealed an ink ftandish and fome paper in one of the folds of his garment. His anxiety to know the intentions of Aurungzebe fometimes broke in upon his melancholy amufements. He appeared thro' the window to the guards; but they knew nothing of what paffed at court. He then enquired concerning an old devotee, who had formerly lived in a cell near the foot of the imperial garden at Delhi. One of the foldiers knew the old man; and the prince gave a billet to be carried to him, requesting fome intelligence." But even he, perhaps," he said, with a figh, "may have changed with the current of the times."

On the eleventh of September, about midnight, the unfortunate prince was alarmed with the noife of arms coming through the paffage which led to his apartment. He started up, and knew immediately that his death approached. He fcarce had awakened his fon, who lay afleep on the carpet at his feet, when the affaffins burft open the door. Dara feized a knife, which he had concealed to mend the reed with which he wrote. He stood in a corner of the room. The murderers did not immediately attack him: they ordered his fon to remove to the adjoining apartment; but he clung round his father's knees: two of the affaffins feized him, to force him away; when Dara, feeing Nazir ftanding at the door, begged to be indulged a few moments to take leave of his fon. He fell upon his neck, and faid, "My dear fon, this feparation is more afActing than that between soul and body, which I am this moment to fuffer. But fhould HE fpare you --live. Heaven may prefcive you to revenge my death; for his crimes fhall not pafs unpunithed. I leave you to the protection of God. My

D

fon,

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fon, remember me". A tear half
ftarted from his eye, when they were
dragging the youth to the adjoining
room: he however resumed his wont-
ed dignity and courage, "I beg one
other favour, Nazir!" he faid
"Much time has not been loft by the
laft." He wrote a billet, and defired
that it should be delivered to Aurung-
zebe but he took it back, and, tore
it, faying, "I have not been accuf-
tomed to afk favours of my enemies.
He that murders the father can have
no compaffion on the fon." He then
raifed up his eyes in filence, and the
affaffins feemed to have forgot their
office.

Important Remarks on Commerce.

During this time of dreadful fufpence, the fon, who lay bound in the next room, liftened, expecting every moment to hear his father's dying groans. The affaffins, in the mean time, urged on by Nazir, feized Dara by the hands and feet, and throw

Jan.

ing him on the ground, prepared to ftrangle him. Deeming this an infamous death, he, with an effort, difincumbered his hand, and ftabbed, with his pen-knife, one of the villains to the heart. The others, terrified, fled back; but as he was rising from the floor they fell upon him with their fwords. His fon hearing the noise, though his hands were bound, burst open the door, and entered when the murderers were fevering his father's head from his body. Nazir had the humanity to push back the youth into the other apartment, till this horrid operation was performed. The head of Dara was carried to Aurungzebe; and the unfortunate young prince was left, during the remaining part of the night, fhut up with his father's body. Next morning he was sent privately, under a guard, to the castle of Gualiar.

ON FREEDOM

HE eagerness for gain, fo deeply

Timprinted in the minds of mer

chants, guaranties to us that they will always make every effort for extending commerce, without being in want of directions for each from government. It is not in ftates where they multiply ordonnances on commerce, and where they burthen it in a thou fand ways, that it flourishes moft. These rules are commonly too varying and changeable; they either depend on paffing circumftances, or they are gained by perfons interested in obtaining great profits at the expence of all other merchants. Thefe fort of edicts are fubject to contradict themselves from time to time; and as nothing is fixed, on which they could be founded, they only disconcert the enterprizes of the merchants. Fearing to find themfelves traverfed all of a fudden by unforeseen ordonnances, they dare not obey the calls of their genius, and cannot form fucceffive projects. It is better to grant them an honeft liberty, which permits them to hazard attempts for opening new branches of

commerce.

It is not that the bridle fhould be entirely relaxed in all points. If they know no other law than their avidity,

OF

COMMERCE.

they will often rifque the prejudice, not only of the commerce, but alfo the agriculture and manufactures of a nation. It is, for example, mifchieVous to manufactures, and confequently to the commerce of a ftate, to permit them to export and fell to ftrangers the raw materials upon which the arts are employed that are establifhed in the country. England, fo enlightened in its true interefts, knows well how to interdi&t her merchants exporting wool; and affuredly it is bad politics in Spain to fell her wool to all other nations who will buy it, rather than work it up herself. It is alfo impoverishing a nation and difcouraging her manufactures, to fuffer them to import all forts of foreign fabrics which might be made at home. Thefe importations become above all burthenfome, when, from neighbouring states, who can furnish immenfe quantities, and who at the fame time take care not to receive too much in exchange from other nations. In the fame manner it is doing mischief to the agriculture of a country, to leave the merchants masters of importing at their will foreign corn, which finks that at home to too low a price. For from thence it happens, that the cul

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1773. Useful Superiority of the Ox to the Horfe.

tivator not being fufficiently indemnified for his care and expences is difheartened, and works with languor. When we have grain enough for our own confumption, being expofed to receive great quantities from foreign markets prevents the husbandman from felling his crops engages him to neglect his lands, and renders him always more incapable of entering into a rivalry with his neighbours upon the price of faleable commodities. All this proves fufficiently, that there are certain restrictions to which it is proper to fubject merchants. But excepting cafes of this nature we must leave them free.

It is immediately visible, that we eught not to tax the fale of all that is frabricated in a country. When masters of exportation, preference fhould be given to the national manufactures. When all other nations are excluded from commerce, it is like the Japanese, who, to their great detriment, will not traffic with either the Chinese or Dutch. When they are restrained from felling merchandife, except to a fingle people, and under condition that a certain price is taken for all, as is practifed in a certain ftate; these sort of reftrictions are ruinous to a nation. They prevent the fale of merchandise at a juft price, and of profiting by the advantages. The merchants fhould rather be encouraged to carry their correfpondence everywhere. The more markets they find, the more certain means they have of felling manufactures, and making them flourish. It is the competition of purchasers that gives the highest price.

But we may ask, if we ought to grant to the merchants the fame li

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berty in the commerce of grain ? The thing fuffers no difficulty in the interior commerce. It is proper that the neceffaries of life fhould circulate freely in the provinces of a ftate; by this means the confumption of the products is moft affured, the fubfiitence diftributed proportionally to the wants, and are more eafily found. The poor, the farmers, the manufacturers, and the inhabitants of the cities, will equally find their advantage and eafe become general among all the orders. Refpecting the exterior commerce of grain, it has been much agitated of late, and determined that it fhould be favoured. After all the explanations which excellent citizens have given upon that queftion, we must avow that the reafons for it appear to be victorious.

Nothing throws more languor upon the arts and manufactures, than the interdicting the exportation of manufactures. Many would drop entirely. None would remain but fuch as are merely neceffary for the inhabitants. There being no emulation among them, nor a fpur which can make them excel other people, and gain a preference, they would work the worfe, and dearer than if they were permitted to manufacture for ftrangers. It is the fame with the culture of the earth. It is the immenfe manufacture of corn which increafes, contracts itself or extends; profpers or languishes, by reafon of the number of certain and ready markets which offer themfelves to the cultivator. It feems therefore that it is the interest of agriculture, to authorize individuals to make magazines of corn, to fill and fell them, either at home or abroad, as it may happen.

Comparison of the Ox with the HORSE, with respect to Utility.
By Mr. MOORE.

the ox

dies with him, he will fcarcely bring

WHERE the labour of tuft be dive withings for the Wolfcas

the real intereft of our country to give
him a preference to the horse, becaufe
the latter, all admired as he is, prefents
us with nothing but his labour; he
muft alfo be maintained three or four
years before this labour can be ex-
pected; and when he dies, his worth

Let us therefore draw a comparison between the two refpecting their use. The horse is swift, fierce and impatient; a creature formed by nature to carry burthens, and well adapted for pageantry and war. The ox is flow, fure, and fteady, and when he is inD 2

ured

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