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UPON

For the LONDON MAGAZINE. IRISH HOUSE OF LORD S.

a motion made for a refolution, on which to ground an addrefs to his majesty, to concur with his majesty in fending out of this kingdom a number of men, not exceeding four thousand of the forces compofing the Irith military establishment, the following proteft was entered.

Diffentient. Because we conceive that the whole standing force of this kingdom is requifite for its defence in the prefent critical situation of affairs in Europe, where every circumftance feems to threaten a general war, efpecially as by fending her forces to America, England will not be in a condition to support us in case of invafion or of any other emergency; and in this belief we think ourselves more especially warranted, in as much as we conceive that his majefty (by his application to us to augment our army, fo as that twelve thousand men fhould always remain in Ireland, an application made in the time of public quiet and general fecurity) appears plainly to have been of the fame opinion.

Becaufe, having thought and determined, that twelve thousand men fhould always remain in this kingdom for the defence thereof, except in cafe of invafion or rebellion in Great Britain, we fee no reason to alter that opinion, or to create a precedent for diminishing that number when there is manifeftly no invafion or rebellion in Great Britain; and when the danger of an invafion in this country is

increased and not diminished.

Because, that we have reafon to apprehend that our army is far from being complete, and that there are not at prefent in this kingdom more than ten thousand effective men, we muit therefore think a meafure inadmiffible, which would reduce our defence to fix thousand men, a number lefs by one half than what in times of perfect tranquillity was by the three branches of the legislature deemed neceffary to our Jafety.

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Tuesday, Nov. 28, 1775.

Becaufe, that though America be not exprefsly mentioned in his majefty's meffage, or in the refolution founded thereon, we conceive, that as Great Britain is not at prefent engaged in any foreign war, the troops now required can be deftined only for the American conteft; a fervice in which we would not chufe to engage our country, for the following reafons-That without parliamentary information we do not think an abfolute decifion on the conteft of Great Britain with her colonies conformable to the dignity or juftice of this Houfe.

That with the profoundeft respect for the rights of the crown, and the moft fincere attachment to the perfon of our fovereign, we are prohibited by the principles upon which the glorious Revolution is founded, from adjudging refiftance to royal authority in all posible cafes, rebellion; and in the present cafe, not having been informed in a parliamentary manner of the rise and progrefs of this unhappy contest, we fhould think ourselves unjust and precipitate, if thus uniformly we should condemn the Americans to the point of the sword.

That if we were to determine upon what we have heard and read out of doors, we fee nothing as yet to justify the conduct of adminiftration in the commencement or progrefs of the American war, but mult condemn its object, and lament its duration.

That at prefent we must conceive that the object of this war was the eftablishment of the power of the British parliament to tax America, a power which we know is not inherent in the general conflitution of the British empire, and we have, as yet, feen no charter or written confent to make it the particular conftitution of America.

That confidering that grants and fubfidies are the great bond of affection between prince and people, that national bounty is only abundant and dignified when the fpontaneous offering of a free people, that the arbitrary

levying

devying of money is contrary to all freedom, and particularly to all EngJifh ideas of freedom, we are not furprized to hear that fuch attempt has been refifted by a nation born of Bri tain, warned by her principles, and taught by her example.

As we cannot approve of the motive upon which this war was com menced, fo we would not wish to contribute to its continuation. The walling of the British ftrength, the finferings of her commerce, and all the increasing calamities of civil war being in our minds ftrong and me lancholy arguments against perfifting in an unnatural conteft, whofe object has not as yet appeared to us to be either just or productive.

In the prefent ftage of this conteft we conceive coalition to be neceffary and practicable, and would not with to render fuch coalition difficult or defperate by perfifting in the meafures which occafioned the war, and by a farther effufion of blood; and conceiving new embarkations no ftep to

that coalition for which we so ardent ly with, we upon the foundeft pringples of peace and liberty proteft againt fuch new regulations, which, by feeding the acrimony of civil war, may render the breach irreparable, and multiply calamities not only upon the colonies, but upon the mother country alfo. And although we might be induced to fuffer any inconvenience by fending a proportion of our neceflary forces to facilitate the acceptance of fuch reasonable and conftitutional propofitions as might put a period to the prefent unnatural and ruinous war, yet we conceive that it would be imprudent to ftrengthen the hands of the prefent administration before we are in any way certified that fuch plas of reconciliation be adopted.

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Mr. Lufon's Account, and curious Anecdotes of the Defcendants of Oliver

Cromwell.

(Continued from our laft.)

Motived all the Protector's you think of the match ?"— Think,

ARY, countefs Fauconberg, my daughter Mary to him. What do

other children. She was faid to have been a lady of very great underftanding t. This was the noble relation referred to in Mr. Say's character, fee p. 27, who left Mrs. B. an handfome legacy, as he did alfo to all the other defcendants of her father Oliver, to whom fuch an aid might be ufeful. She died wealthy, and never had a child..

Jeremy White was Oliver's chap. Jain, and he was, befides, the chief wag and joker of his folemn court 1. As the Protector condefcended to be very familiar with Jerry, he faid to him one day" You know the vifCount Fauconberg perfectly well,' faid Jerry" I am going to marry

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Sir,' faid Jerry, why I think he will never make your highness a grandfather." I am forry for that, Jerry; but how do you know? Sir, said Jerry, I fpeak it in confidence to your highness; there are certain defects in Lord Fauconberg, that will always prevent his making you a grandfather, let him do what he can." As this difcovery was made, not to the young lady, but to the old Protector, it did not at all retard the completion of the match, which Oliver found, in all outward refpects, fuitable and conve nient: fo he left the lord and the lady to fettle the account of defects as they might. Not long after the mar riage, Oliver, in a bantering way, toid

* She died March 14, 1712, about eight months after her brother Richard.^`Su 1.466.

+ Burnet fyles ber" a wife and worthy woman," and fays, " she was mort likely to have maintained the poft (of Protector) than either of her brothers."

- †` An extraordinary flory of this Ferry White's addressing Oliver's youngest daughter Frances, and the confequences of it, fhall be inferted in the Appendix.

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1775. Anecdotes of Lord Fauconberg and Sir Ed. Seymour. 627

told the whole fecret with which White
had entrusted him, before company,
to Lord F. who turned it off with a
joke, as well as he could, while his "
heart, in fecret, was waxing exceeding
wroth against Jeremiah the prophet.
Inftigated by this wrath, Lord F. fent
a meffage next day to Jerry, to defire
his company; with which invitation
Jerry immediately complied, never
fufpecting that Oliver had betrayed
the fecret. Lord F. received him in
his study, the door of which he firft
locked, and then, with much anger
in his countenance, and a ftout
cane in his hand, he accofted Jerry
"You rafcal, how dare you tell fuch
mifchievous lies of me as you have
done to the Protector, that I could
never make him a grandfather, &c? I
am determined to break every bone in
your skin. What can you fay for
yourself? What excufe' can you
make? All this while the cane kept
flourishing over Jerry's head; who,
inftead of a day of dainties, which he
hoped to find at my lord's table,
would now have been glad to fave the
drubbing on his fhoulders, by going
away with an empty belly. What
can you fay for yourfelf " cried Lord
F. My lord,' faid Jerry,
you are
too angry with me to hope for your
mercy, but furely you never can be
too angry to forget juftice. Only
prove, by getting a child, that I told
the Protector a lye, you may then in-
At the punishment with justice, and
I will bear it with patience and if
you want exercife for your cawe, you
may lay it over the Protector's fhoul-
ders, if you please, for betraying me."
My lord, who, perhaps, knew in his
confcience that Jerry had told only an
unfeasonable truth, laughed, and for-
gave him.

The Protector had two fons, Ri-
chard and Henry. Richard married
Dorothy, the daughter of Richard
Major, Efq. of Hurdly in the county
of Southampton, who brought him a
confiderable fortune. It is remark
able, that Oliver's family acquired
little or no wealth from his ufurpation.

In an

Richard Cromwell, who died in 1712, had by his wife three children, 1. Oliver *. 2. Anne. 3. Elizabeth.

1. Oliver, fon of Richard, was faid to have been a man of spirit, and of fome abilities. On the death of his mother, he fucceeded, in her right, to the eltate at Hurly.

In the reign of king William, this Oliver found it neceffary, on fome account or other, to prefent a petition to parliament. He gave his petition to a friend, a member, who took it to the House of Commons to prefent it. Just as this gentleman was entering, the Houfe, with the petition in his hand, Sir Edward Seymour, the famous old tory member, was alfo going in. On fight of Sir Edward fo near him, the gentleman found his fancy brifkly follicited by certain ideas of fun to make the furly, four, old Seymour carry up a petition for Oliver Cromwell. Sir Edward," fays he, ftopping him on the inftant," will you do me a favour? I this moment recollect, that I must immediately attend a trial in Weftminster-hall, which may detain me too late to give in this petition, as i promifed to do, this morning; 'tis a mere matter of form, will you be to good as to carry • Give it me,' faid it up for me?" Sir Edward. The petition went directly into his pocket, and he into the Houfe. When a proper vacancy happened to produce it, Seymour put himself on his feet, and his fpectacles on his nofe, and began to read, "The humble petition of-of-of-of, the Devil!" faid Seymour of Oliver Cromwell!" The rear of laughter in the Houfe, at feeing him to fairly taken in, was too great for Sir Edward to ftand it; lo he flung down his petition, and ran out directly. T give this little story on common fame only.

Oliver Cromwell, the fon of Richard, died a few years before his fa ther; and as he died unmarried and without iffue, a question was contested in chancery, whether the eftate at Hurfly defcended immediately to the

fifters

"Account of the Cromwell family, from before the Norman Conquest to the prefent time," by Dr. Gibbons (inferted in our Magazines of March and May 1774) this jon is amitted, and a third daughter, Dorothy, is mentioned, faid to have Mortimer, Eq. and to have died without iffie in 1681. Query, What relation the late Cromwell Mortimer, M. D. fecretary to the Royal Society, bare to this lady?

married

fifters of Oliver, as his coheirs, or to Richard, the father, for his life?

On this occafion, Richard, then a very old man, being obliged to appear in the court of chancery, lord chancellor Cowper treated him with the utmost respect. He ordered a chair to be brought for him, and, in regard to his age, infifted on his fit ting covered. He made a decree in Richard's favour, and fpoke with much afperity of his daughters for contefting the old man's intereft in the estate for the very fmall remains of

his life.

Pengelly, who was (long after) the very eminent lord chief baron of the exchequer, was Richard's counsel on this occafion. He diftinguished himfelf very much in his behalf, and ac quired great reputation by it. From this zeal for Richard, or from fome other caufe, a report was raised, and long credited, that Pengelly was Richard's natural fon. I do not know there ever was any just foundation for fuch an opinion. Richard, however, was faid to have been, all his life, very free with women.

2. Anne, as I think her name was, eldest daughter of Richard Cromwell, married Dr. Gibfon, an eminent phyfician, and uncle to Edmund Gibfon, lord bishop of London. There was no furviving iffue of this marriage, and Dr. Gibfon left the whole of his own proper fortune, after the death of his wife, to the bishop of London, his nephew. Mrs. Gibfon outlived her husband many years. The bishop of London always preferved a very refpectful and even intimate correfpondence with his aunt. It was perhaps from this circumftance, that an opinion prevailed, of the bishop's being the author of the "Life of Oliver Cromwell before mentioned. This lady died, I think, rather before the year 1730 *.

3. Elizabeth Cromwell, youngeft daughter of Richard, died unmarried, at the age of about 73 t, I think, near or in the year 1731. By her death the line of Richard Cromwell became extinct.

I have been feveral times in tou pany with thefe ladies; they were all well bred, well dreffed, ftately wo men; exactly punctilious, but they feemed, efpecially Mrs. Cromwell, to carry about them a consciousness ci high rank, accompanied with a fecret dread that thofe with whom they converfed should not obferve and acknowledge it. They had neither the great fenfe, nor the great enthusiasm, of Mrs. Bendyth; but as the daughter of Ireton had dignity without pride, the daughters of Cromwell had pride without much dignity.

Mrs. Gibson and Mrs. Cromwell fived together in Bedford-Row. The eftate of Hurly, to which thefe ladies were coheireffes, they fold, if 1 remember right, to Sir William Heathcote, for thirty-four or five thoufand pounds.

Henry Cromwell, the fecond and laft fon of Oliver-who furvived him (for his firft fon Oliver died very young) married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Francis Ruffel, of Cambridgefhire. This Henry was the Protector's deputy in Ireland, where his government was fo mild and equitable, that he acquired a great degree of efteem even from many perfons of high rank in king Charles's intereft. The late Mr. Cromwell of KirbyStreet told me," he found, among the papers of Henry, many letters from perfons of the first distinction in the king's party, warmly acknowledg ing both the juftice and favours they had received from him." This can dour procured Henry friends and protectors of all parties. Of this merit, and of the true wisdom of juftice and moderation, we fhall presently fee a strong example, fuch a one as put Henry's virtue, in this refpect, out of a poffibility of being difputed.

Henry Cromwell was feated at Spinney-Hall, in Cambridgeshire, where he had an eftate of above 400l. a year. Here he lived, after the Restoration, the life of a private country gentleman, very much and very generally respected. He died March 25, 1674 Henry had daughters, but of these or

*" She died," Dr. Gibbons fays, " OЯober 7, 1727."
+ Dr. Gibbons fays, "at the uncommon age of 81, April 8, 1731."
Near Soham, formerly a priory of black canons.

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775. Of the unfortunate Hewlings and Judge Jefferies. 629

their defcendants I can give no account*. At his death he left but one fon,

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Major Richard Cromwell † This gentleman was firft brought into the Army, and his promotion conftantly procured, as far as it went, by the intereft of the duke of Ormond, in ac, knowledgment, as he always declared, of the great fervice and benefit his family received from Henry Crom well, while he was lieutenant of Ire land. Thefe acknowledgments, and the real advantages refulting from them, bear the fulleft and fairekt attestation to the honour of Henry's government, and to the truly noble dif pofition of the duke of Ormond, the protector of his family,

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Major Richard Cromwell died of a fever in Spain, while he was under the command of lord Galway, in queen Anne's war. The estate at Spinney Abbey was fold not many years after his marriage. He married. Hannah Hewling, daughter of Benjamin Hewling, an eminent Turkey merchant of London, and Hannah Kyffin his wife.

This Hannah Hewling, my mother's eldeft filter, is the perfon fo often mentioned in the many particular re lations which were published of the bloody, unrelenting profecutions in the Weft, after the defeat of the duke of Monmouth's rebellian.

The two unfortunate brothers of this lady, Benjamin and William Hewling, were the only males of their name, and of their family, which was in the highest degree of esteem and popularity among the ftaunch whigs, and diffenting proteftants, at that time fo numerous and fo confiderable in the city. Their parts were excellent, and, their education had been the best that, could be given them. Their morals were spotless; their piety exemplary. Their zeal againit popery, the ardour of their courage in the field, and the manly meekness and devout refignaDec. 1775.

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tion of their deportment, to the laff, under their fufferings, concurred with their youth, the one twenty-two, the other not quite twenty, and the uncommon beauty and gracefulness of their perfons, to place them the first in the lift which was at that time called the Western Martyrology," and render the feverity of their fate molt, pitied of any who fell a facrifice to the popith vengeance of James; tho' there were fome other fentences much more unjust.

The father of this, unfortunate family was dead; the mother, from her diftrefs, incapable of acting: fome of the near friends of the family were. themselves too obnoxious to act, and many more too timid; and as the other filters were hardly out of their childhood, it fell upon this young lady alone to conduct the whole affair, in the prifon, for their comfort, and with the court, for their pardon...

It has been fid, in most of the accounts which have been published, that lord chief justice Jefferies, treated Hannah Hewling, according to his ufual cuftom, with the greatest brus tality; but, black as he is, the devil may be blackened," for Jefferies always treated her with the greatest politenefs and refpect. This instance, however, does not much foften the horror of his general character. Jef feries had a relation, from whofe fortune he had formed great expecta tions; and as this relation was an intimate acquaintance of the Hewlings, he exerted himself very warmly with him in their behalf. He repeatedly protested to the chief justice, that

the continuance of his friendship,. together with every benefit he might hope would refult from it, depended entirely upon his ufing every endear, vour to fave the Hewlings." This, Jefferies protested he did; with what fincerity, God only knows; but be. always declared the king was inexcrable 1. 4 L

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A full account is given of them in the London Magazine for March and May

laf year. It appears that he had, in all, two daughters and five fons, but the. third fon only left defcendants. L :ཀ

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Dr. Gibbons gives this gentleman the chriflian name of "Henry," and at the

fame time fyles him the third fans whom be bad before named “Richard.” Sir John Dalrymple afferts,, that “when James knew the cracies of Jefferies, he gave orders to flop them," but this affection is against all evidence for he know daily of his conduct, or campaign as he himself filed it; was accustomed to repeat bis infamous tool's cruelties with jocularity, and for his glorious and pleasing jervices, he made him, after his campaign was ended, Lord High Chancelier.

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