ON THE

DANUBE AND THE ADRIATIC;

OR,

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE MODERN HISTORY

OF

HUNGARY AND TRANSYLVANIA, DALMATIA AND CROATIA, SERVIA AND BULGARIA.

BY

A. A. PATON,

MEMBER OF THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

AUTHOR OF

"MELUSINA. A NEW ARABIAN NIGHTS' ENTERTAINMENT."

BIBLIOTHECAL

REGLA

MONACENSIS.

CONTENTS.

BOOK III. THE GOTH AND THE HUN.

CHAPTER 1. Departure from England-Close of Hungarian war

-Arrival at Comorn-The hunting box-Count and Countess

Nugent-General Grabbe-Life in the Austrian Camp

CHAPTER II. Russian review-The infantry, the cavalry, and ar-

tillery-The Cossacks-The fête-Austrian troops

CHAPTER III. The Danube - Szolnok-The Maygar character-

Bravery and generosity-Indolence and barbarism-Retro-

grade state of agriculture

CHAPTER IV. A steam voyage on the Theiss-The passengers-

Legislation on land-Defective system of justice-Csongrad

-The Magyars

CHAPTER V. Szegedin-The fort-Magyaromania-The lower town

-The upper town-State of commerce-The Kossuth party

CHAPTER VI. The Banat -The physical geography Mineral

wealth-The races of the Banat-Greater civilisation of the

Banat

-

-

CHAPTER VII. Temesvar-Injury done by bombardment-History

of Temesvar - The great square General description of

Temesvar-The fortifications-The suburbs

CHAPTER VIII. The siege of Temesvar-Commencement of siege

-Water cut off-A sortie-First bombardment-Second bom-

bardment-Horse-flesh eaten-Fevers- - Conflagrations-The

siege raised.

CHAPTER IX. The Voyvodina-Great historical landmark-Servia

in the middle ages-Servian fundamental diploma-The Ser-

vian revolution-Re-establishment of Vojvodina

CHAPTER X. Arad-Its fair-Commerce of Hungary-Description

of Arad-The fortress-The county of Arad

CHAPTER XI. The vale of the Maros-Entrance of Transylvania

-Zam-The Daco-Romans-Broos-The Saxons-The political

history of Transylvania

Page.

1

7

14

19

24

28

36

41

49

55

59

CHAPTER XIII. Highland life in Transylvania-The Rothenthurm

Pass-Heldau-Primitive Saxon manners and customs.

CHAPTER XIV. A visit to the scene of Bem's principal opera-

tions-Schässburg-Christmas festivities-Magyars-Saxons-

Bem's habits-Bem's campaigns.

CHAPTER XV. The Szeklers-Udvarhely-The Szekler constitu-

tion-Keresthur-Unitareats-Szekler national assembly.

CHAPTER XVI. Maros-Vasarhely-Appearance of the town-Te-

leki library-Learned Szekler-National fanaticism-Judicial

corruption

CHAPTER XVII. Clausenburg-Golden river-Description of Clau-

senburg-The aristocracy-Their losses-General Urban—

English officer-Political relations

CHAPTER XVIII. Clausenburg continued - Mr. Paget - Clausen-

burg studies-The Lutheran pastor-The death of Roth-

Concluding political reflections-The future government of

Transylvania

CHAPTER XIX. Grosswardein-The defile of Csucsa-Intense cold

-Description of Grosswardein-Carnival ball-Liberty and

Nationality-The Magyar arsenal-Colonisation of Hungary.

CHAPTER XX. The Huns in Hungary.

CHAPTER XXI. The Asiatic inundations-Grosswardein in the

Turkish period

Page.

65

77

84

99

106

113

123

132

139

146

sidered with reference to strategy

CHAPTER XXVI. Comorn and the fortresses of Hungary con-

CHAPTER XXVII. Pressburg.

203

208

BOOK IV. THE BULGARIAN, THE TURK, AND THE GERMAN.

CHAPTER I. The diplomatic crisis before the war

243

CHAPTER II. Steam voyage to Belgrade and the Iron Gates