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FRANKLY, adv. (Fr. franc freely: Lk. 7. 42. Very frankly he confessed his treasons. Shaks. Macb., i. 4. 5. FRAY, v. t. (Fr. frayeur = horror, fright, perhaps at first from being startled by noise, so akin to the Lat. fragor, a crash) to frighten: Deut. 28. 26; Jer. 7.33; Zech. 1. 21. The root still survives in afraid.

Whatsoever work is anywhere from which labour doth fray other, all that they take upon them willingly.

More's Utopia, p. 149. FRET, v. t. (A.S. fretan=) to devour, of a sore which spreads and consumes the flesh; Lev. 13. 51, &c.; cp. P. B. Vers., Ps. 39. 12, 'a moth fretting a garment'.

Doth not the rust fret the hardest iron? Lyly's Euphues, p. 111. FRONTLETS, n. (Lat. frons = the forehead.) Used, Ex. 13. 16, &c. of the bands of parchment (called by the Jews tephillin, and in the N. T. phylacteries) on which certain

[GLOSSARY.]

boats which first had decks, a
rowing boat with a deck: Is. 33. 21.
The Pope is able to put 50,000 men in
the field, beside his naval strength in
galleys.
Howell's Letters, 1. 38.

GARNER, n. (Lat. granaria, Fr. grenier) a granary, Ps. 144. 13; Joel 1. 17; Mt. 3. 12; Lk. 3. 17; storehouse for grain.

These Volsces have much corn; take these rats to gnaw their garners.

Shaks. Cor., i. 1. 254. GARNISH, v.t. (Fr. garnir to furnish). To deck, adorn: 2 Chron. 3. 6, &c.

Christ never ceased to do us good, by garnishing His Church with so many notable gifts.

Edward VI.'s Catechism, p. 38. GAZINGSTOCK, n. an object to gaze at with astonishment, Nah. 3.6; Heb. 10.33. So laughing-stock. Many make of it a gazingstock to serve their eyes and tongues. Bp. Grindal's Rem., p. 480.

GENDER, v. t. (Lat. genero=) to beget, produce, Job 21. 10, &c., also intr. to copulate: Lev. 19. 19. A cistern for foul toads to gender in. Shaks. Othello, iv. 2. 63. GENERATION, n. = (1) offspring, brood, Lk. 3. 7; (2) an age, Gen. 7. 1; Mat. 24. 34, &c. The barbarous Scythian makes his generation messes to gorge his appetite. Shaks. Lear, i. 1. 119.

HAL

GO TO, interj. come now: Gen. 11.3, &c. So Lat. age, agite.

Go to: you are unwise if you make her! not a chief saint in your calendar.

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 21. GOODMAN, n.-master of a house, hence husband: Prov. 7. 19; Matt. 20. 11; 24. 43; Luke 12. 39. Goodwife was also used, but died out sooner.

The goodwife will not open her mouth to bid one welcome. A stranger would think the goodman of the house a haber. dasher of wild-fowl.

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 48. GOVERNOR, n. (Lat. gubernator=}| a pilot, Jam. 3. 4, where it keeps its meaning; at present much more extended in signification. A wise governor of a ship will in a calm and fair weather look for a storm.

Cawdray's Treas. of Similies, p. 1. GRAFF, v. t. (Fr. greffer =) to engraft: Rom. 11. 17-24.

Though a countryman know how to graff an imp, his toil will not alter the taste of the crab.

Gosson's School of Abuse, p. 6. GREAT WOMAN,_n.= rich, influential woman: 2 Kin. 4. 8.

He said there was a great woman within the realm that was a great supporter of popery. Grey Friars Chronicle, p. 67. It were comfortable to hear of such great women in these days, where the most part are so fine.

texts were written and bound by GHOST, n. (A. S. gast, G. geist). GREAVES, n. (Fr. grève

the Jews in a square packet on their forehead, as a literal fulfilment of the command, 'It shall be for a memorial between thine eyes'.

FROWARD, adj. (A.S. framweard= away from, and hence untoward, i.e. not compliant, not agreeing with) perverse, obstinate, self-willed: Deut. 32. 20; Job 5. 13, &c. FROWARDNESS, n. perverseness: Prov. 2. 14, &c.

For the towardness I see in thee, I must needs love thee, and for thy frowardness counsel thee. Lyly's Euphues, p. 241. FULLER, n. (Lat. fullo) = a cleaner of cloth, a bleacher: 2 Ki. 18. 17; Mal. 3. 2; Mk. 9. 3, &c. The historian, Thomas Fuller, was fond of playing on his name, e.g. My soul is stained with a dusky colour, Let thy Son be the sope, I'll be the fuller. FURTHERANCE, n. (akin to forth, far, farther,and Á.S. furan [FARE], to go) extension, spread, increase, help: Phil. 1. 12, 25.

I would have the memory of children continually to be exercised, which is the greatest furtherance to learning that can be. Lyly's Euphues, p. 145.

G.

GAD, v. i. (A. S. gada goad or sting) to move restlessly about, as though stung by an insect: Jer.

2. 36. Gad-fly has the same root. Euripides holds him a fool that, being well at home, will gad abroad.

Gosson's School of Abuse, p. 31.

GAINSAY, v. t. to speak against, contradict: Lk. 21. 15.

GALLANT, adj. (Fr. galant-) splendid, fine, Isa. 33. 21, of ships, to which the word is still applied. The same root occurs in galadays. Gallants in A.V.marg., Nah. 2. 5 & Zech. 11. 2-mighty men. GALLEY, n. (Lat. galea = a hel

met). Perhaps applied to the

The spiritual part of man: Gen. 49. 33, &c. So'ghostly' spiritual enemy (Ch. Cat.).

Our army lies ready to give up the ghost.
Shaks. J. Cæsar, v. 1. 89.

GIER-EAGLE, n. (Germ. geier) a

vulture: Lev. 11. 18; Dt. 14. 17. The first part of the word defines the bird as a bird of prey. Cp. gier (or ger), falcon.

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 286. the shin of the leg) defensive armour for the legs 1 Sam. 17. 6.

Put on thy greaves and gauntlet, add! thy spear. Milton's S. Agon., 112.

GRECIAN, n. used in N. T. for the Gk. Hellenistes, by which is meant a Greek who had become a Jew. Many of the first converts to Christianity were Greek-Jews: Acts 6. 1; 9. 29; 11. 20.

GIFT, n. a bribe: Deut. 16. 19; GREEK, n. used in N. T. to repre2 Chr. 19. 7, &c.

Their right hand is full of gifts. Ps. 26. 10, Pr. Bk. Vers. GIN, n. (Lat. ingenium a device. Hence) a snare, trap': Job 18.9, &c. The old Eng. word was grin (A.S.), and it continued for a long time to be so printed, but now gin has everywhere taken its place.

If the tortoise was cunning in swimming, he would not fear the gin of the fisher. Lyly's Euphues, p. 404. GIVE PLACE, v. i. to make room for, Luke 14. 9; to give way, to yield: (1) literally, Judg. 20. 36, &c.; (2) fig., Rom. 12. 19, make room for, i.e. yield to, indulge,

Gal. 2. 5.

(1) I would be willing to give place to my betters. Latimer's Serm., p. 83.

(2) To give place to these suggestions is to enter into temptation. Ibid. p. 194. GLEDE, n. (A.S. glida =) a kite: Deut. 14. 13, perhaps from the gliding ease of its flight. GLISTERING, adj. (Dut. glisteren to shine) to glitter: 1 Chr. 29. 2; Job 20. 25. &c.

How live the Moors which spurn at glistering pearl ?

GO ABOUT, v. t. to endeavour: Gascoigne's Steel Glass, p. 60. John 7. 19; Rom. 10. 3. So, to compass an object.

But why go I about to hinder the course of love? Lyly's Euphues, p. 61. GO BEYOND, v. t. to overreach:

1 Thes. 4. 6.

The last point of his care [was] how to go beyond the loathsome watchfulness of these uncomely companions.

Sidney's Arcadia, bk. 3, p. 699.

sent the Gk. Hellen, John 12. 20; Acts 14. 1; 16. 1, 3, &c.; and the feminine Hellenis, Mk. 7. 26; Acts 17. 12; and adj. Hellenikos, Luke, 23. 38; Rev. 9. 11. But in all these examples the meaning is, a man, a woman, or a language belonging to the Greek people.

GRISLED, p. p. (Fr. gris, Ger. greis gray) grey-coloured: Gen. 31. 10, 12, &c. Usually spelt grizzzled.

His beard was grizzled.-Hamlet, 1. 2. 140. (Where the folios have grisly.) GRUDGE, v. i. a word formed to express the sense by its sound, to grumble: Ps. 59. 15; Jam. 5. 9. He eats his meat without grudging Shaks. Much Ado, iii. 4. 90.

H.

HABERGEON, n. (A. S. healsbeorça, Fr. haubergeon neck covering) armour for the neck and breast: Ex. 28. 32, &c. Apparently the same word as hauberk, though the two pieces of armour are distinguished, the hauberk being worn above the habergeon. Often spelt haberion and haberieon.

Their mighty strokes their haberions dismayld. Spenser's F. Queene, ii, 6. 29. HAFT, n. (A. S. haft that by which you hold) a handle: Judg. 3. 22. It has a haft fit to hold it by in one's hand. Digby's Of Man's Soul, ch. i HALE, v. t. (Fr. haler, to drag vio

HOL

lently) to drag: Lk. 12. 58; Acts 8. 3. Now spelt haul.

Earth hales me down, I cannot, cannot rise. Quarles' Emblems, 5. 9.

HALT, v. i. (A. S. healtian to go lame) to limp: Gen. 32. 31, &c. So 1 Kin. 18. 21. The Heb. verb recurs, vs. 26, they danced in halting wise by (A. V. 'leaped upon ') the altar, i.e. a dervish-like dance.

Let me see thee walk, thou dost not halt. Shaks. Tam, of Sh., ii, 1. 258 HANDLE, v. t. (A. S. handlian = to handle) to treat: Prov. 16. 20. Thou hast handled me like a cockscomb. Lyly's Euphues, p. 103. HAP, n. (Icel. happ fortune) chance: Ruth 2. 3. Survives in mishap, haply, 1 Sam. 14. 30; to happen upon, 2 Sam. 1. 6, &c.

Some have the hap to be termed learned men. Howell's Letters, 3. 8.

HARDLY, adv. = with hardship, Isa. 8. 21; with difficulty, Mt. 19. 23; Luke 9. 39; Acts 27. 8.

To feed and live hardly, like husbandmen.-Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 282.

HARNESS, n. (Fr. harnois, Ger. harnisch accoutrements) armour: 1 Kin. 20. 11, &c. HARNESSED, p. p. clad in armour, armed: Ex. 13. 18.

Golias trusted in his harness and strength.

The boy saw the hill full of angels harnessed to defend them both. (See 2 Kin. 6, 17).

Bp. Pilkington's Works, pp. 231, 134. HAUNT, v. t. (Fr. hanter to visit frequently); to frequent, to resort to: 1 Sam. 30. 31; Ezek. 26. 17. Our court is haunted with a refined traveller of Spain.

Shaks. Love's L. L., i. 1. 163.

HEAD-TIRE, n. a head-dress, 1 Esd. 3. 6; cp. Tire. More solicitous of her head-tire than her health. Burton's Anat, p. 528. HEADY, adj.-headstrong, 2 Tim. 3. 4, ungovernable, uncontrollable. Affection's secrecy, Who would so soon to heady lines commit ? Sandys' Ovid, p. 184.

HEALTH, n. (A. S. helth, akin to heal, hale, whole). Used of God's gift of moral and spiritual soundness: Is. 58. 8, &c.

Mine eyes are wasted away with looking for thy health.-Ps. 119 123, Pr. Bk. V. HEAP, n. (A. S. heap, Germ. haufe

a pile. So) a mound, raised place, hillock, Jer. 30. 18; 49. 2; of ruins, Deut. 13. 16, &c. HELL, n. (A. S. helle a hidden place, from helan to conceal):

the unseen world, Ps. 16. 10; 139. 8, &c., and most places in O. T.; (2) the place of torment, Mt. 10. 28; Lk. 16. 23, &c.; (3) the grave, Hab. 2. 5; (4) death, Ps.

116. 3.

HELVE, n. (A. S. helf) a handle of an axe: Dent. 19. 5.

If [France] should reduce the Spaniard to that desperate pass as to make him throw the helee after the hatchet.

Howell's Instr. for For. Travel, p. 47. HIGHMINDED, adj., proud, wrongly confident, puffed up: Rom. 11. 20; 1 Tim. 6. 17.

Lord, I am not highminded, I have no proud looks. Ps. 131. 1, Pr. Bk. Vers. HOISE, v. t. (Fr. hausser) to hoist, Acts 27. 40, to raise on high.

Their faith, plighted on the shore, is turned to perjury when they hoise sayle. Lyly's Euphues, p. 77. HOLD, v. t. to esteem, deem: Ex.

[GLOSSARY.]

20. 7; Deut. 5. 11; 1 Kin. 2. 9, &c., of esteeming innocent or guilty. An illiterate fool sits in a man's seat, and the people hold him learned (See Gad.) Burton's Anat., p. 415.

HOLD, n. a fortress; cp. strong

hold: Judg. 9. 46, &c.

The Scots assault castles, towers, and such manner of holds.-Lever's Serm., p. 98,

HONEST, adj. (Lat. honestus = honourable, comely: Rom. 12. 17. So HONESTY honourable conduct: 1 Tim. 2. 2.

Nor will they shamefully covet to keep [their lives] when honesty biddeth leave them. More's Utopia, p. 139. HOSEN, n. (A.S. hose). Originally meant any covering for the legs, not stockings merely as now: Dan. 3. 21. The old plural; cp. oxen. He found [Democritus] sitting upon a stone, without hose or shoes, Burton's Anat., p. 22. HOUGH, v.t. pronounced hock (A.S. hoh the ham of the leg). To cut the hamstrings, Josh. 11. 6, 9; 2 Sa. 8. 4, and so disable an animal.

They account of no man that hath not a battle-axe at his girdle to hough dogs with.-Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 25. HUNGERBITTEN, adj. pinched with hunger, Job 18. 12, starving. These men were hunger-bitten also, for though they had land, yet they were not able to store it.

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 457. HUSBANDMAN, n. (A.S. Husbonda )a farmer: Gen. 9. 20, &c. Lawyers, suppose they are in the beginning but husbandmen's sons, come in time to be the chief fathers of the land.

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 26. [See Hardly] Husband had also the same sense. They count themselves rather the husbands than the owners of their land. More's Utopia, p. 74. HUSBANDRY, n. tillage or cultivation: 2 Chr. 26. 10; 1 Cor. 3. 9.

He wanted money to buy tacklings for his horses, with other things belonging to his husbandry.-Howell's Letters, 3, 8.

I.

IDOL, adj., applied to a shepherd, Zech. 11. 17; is an adj. in the Hebrew worthless; rendered' of no value', Job 13. 4; cp. 1 Cor. 8. 4; and often applied to idols, e.g. Lev. 19. 4; Ps. 96. 5; Jer. 14. 4; Hab. 2. 18, &c. Cp. Abomination. IF SO BE, conj. if: Josh. 14. 12;

Hos. 8. 7, &c.

It maketh no matter by what name the rulers be named, if so be they shall walk ordinately with God.

Latimer's Serm., p. 29. ILL-FAVOURED, adj.ugly, ill-looking: Gen. 41. 3, &c. Cp. Favour. They [bears] are very ill-favoured rough things.

ven and earth.

Shaks. Merry W., i. 1. 311. ILLUMINATE, v. t. (Lat. illuminare =) to enlighten: Heb. 10. 32. Thou sun that illuminateth both heaQuarles' Emblems, 4. 5. IMAGERY, n. (Lat. imago - an image). In Ezek. 8. 12, chambers of imagery' rooms whose walls were adorned with paintings.

The genius of the Roman hath always been much taken with imagery limning and sculptures.-Howell's Letters, 1. 38 IMPLEAD, v. t. (Fr. emplaider=) to indict, accuse: Acts 19. 38.

If the body should implead the soul, it might bring many foul impeachments against it.

Bp. Hall, of Contentation, p. 26. IMPORTABLE, adj. (Lat. importa

INS

bilis) insufferable, unendurable:
Prayer of Manasses.
IMPOTENT, adj. (Lt. impotens
powerless) weak, invalid: John 5.
S, &c.

One day he [Commodus] gathered all the
sick, lame, and impotent people of Rome
into one place.
Gosson's School of Abuse, p. 47.

INCONTINENT, adj. (Lat. incon-
tinens not restraining) intem-
perate, unrestrained: 2 Tim. 3. 3.
They are luxurious, incontinent by rea-
son of wind. Burton's Anat., p. 271.
INCREASE, n. (1) Produce of the
earth: Gen. 47. 24, &c. (2) Interest
of money: Lev. 25. 36.

The husbandman that toileth for increase, the lawyer that pleadeth for gold. Lyly's Euphues, p. 157. INDIFFERENT, adj. (Lat. indifferens) not making differences, impartial: Ecclus. 42. 5.

God's commandment is like and indif ferent to all.

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 493. So 'indifferently minister justice'. Prayer for Ch. Militant. INDITE, v. t. (0. Fr. endicter = to dictate) to compose: Ps. 45. 1. What plume of feathers is he that indited this letter?

Shaks. L. L. L., iv. 1. 96. INFLUENCE, n. the power exerted by heavenly bodies. This use of the word is a remnant of the old belief in astrology: Job 38. 31. A most auspicious star, whose influence If now I court not but omit, my fortunes Will ever after droop.

Shaks. Temp., i. 2. 182. -to INFORM, v. t. (L. informare fashion, to instruct: Dan. 9. 22. I will inform thee and teach thee in the way wherein thou shalt go.

Psalm 32. 9, Pr. Bk. Vers.
INJURIOUS, adj. (Lat. injuria =
wrong-doing) insolent: 1 Tim. 1.
13. Same Gk. word rendered de-
spiteful, Rom. 1. 30. Cp. Despite.
INKHORN, n. a vessel of horn for
containing ink: Ezek. 9. 2, &c.
The more monosyllables that you use,
the less you shall smell of the inkhorn.
Gascoigne's Steel Glass, p. 35.

INN, n. a lodging. The word still
remains in the Inns of Court':
Gen. 42. 27. &c.

Now when as Phoebus with his fiery waine,
Unto his inn began to draw apace.

Spenser's F. Q., vi. 3. 29.
INNOCENTS, n. (Lat. innocens=
harmless) innocent persons: Jer.
2. 31; 19. 4. INNOCENCY, n. (L.
innocentia =) harmlessness. For
like forms, comp. impudency, in-
solency, arrogancy, &c. Innocence:
Gen. 20. 5, &c.

Judges doing manifest wrong to poor
innocents to please others.
Burton's Anat., p. 24.
Here, if we would steadfastly fasten our
foot, we should attain to the very highest
top of innocency.
Edward VI.'s Catech., ad. fin.
INQUISITION, n. (Lat. inquisitio
a searching for) an enquiry,
search: Dt. 19. 18, &c. Inquest.
You left me to a bootless inquisition,
Shaks. Tempest, i. 2. 35.

INSTANT, adj. (Lat. instare, to
stand upon, follow on the heels
of, press close) urgent, persever-
ing: Luke 23. 23; Rom. 12. 12;
2 Ti. 4.2. So instantly urgently,
earnestly: Lk. 7. 4; Acts 26. 7.

Those which at the instant and impor-
tunate suit of their acquaintance refuse a
cunning pilot.-Lyly's Euphues, p. 133.
In the evening, and morning, and at
noonday will I pray, and that instantly.
Ps. 55. 18, Pr. Bk. Vers.

KNA

INTEND, v. t. (Lt. intendere

to stretch unto. Hence) to take steps, Josh. 22. 33; to plan, plot, Ps.

21. 11.

O Father, what intends thy hand against
thy only Son.

Milton's Par. L., 2. 727.
Cp. Intend to lead a new life.
Pr. Bk. Com. Serv.

INTERMEDDLE, v. i. to meddle,
to mix: Prov. 14. 10; 18. 1.

Bones to gnaw upon, which may keep them from having leisure to intermedale with higher matters.

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 59. INWARD, adj. intimate, of friends: Job 19. 19.

He will be very inward with a man, to fish some bad out of him.

Earle's Micro., p. 44. (Of a detractor.)

ISSUE, n. a discharge of blood:

Mat. 9. 20, &c.

The juice [of money-wort] is good for the bloody flux, and all other issues of blood. Gerarde's Herb., p. 505,

J.

JANGLING, n. (O. Fr. jongleur, akin to L. joculator, a foolish jester, a babbler) foolish, idle talking: 1 Tim. 1.6.

Now cometh jangling, that may not be without sin.-Chaucer's Parson's Tale,

JEOPARD, v. t. (said to be Fr. jeu parti an even game, where each party is in the same risk of losing. Hence) to risk: Judg. 5. 18; and JEOPARDY, n. risk, hazard: 2 Sam. 23. 17, &c.

He [Abraham] was not hard against

[GLOSSARY.]

KNOP, n. (Germ. knospe =) a bud.
It is akin to the more common
word knob, and the provincial
knap a hillock. Used of orna-
ments like flower-buds on the gold-
en candlestick, &c.: Ex. 25. 31, &c.
The seed [of double crowfoot] is wrapped
in a cluster of rough knops, as are most
of the crowfoots.
Gerarde's Herb., p. 810.

L.

LACE (It. laccio, Spa. lazo), a lace
or band: Ex. 28. 28, 37; 39. 31. Cp.
Latchet.

They had little black silk laces, upon
which did hang a few silver bells.

Sidney's Arcadia, bk. iii., p. 408.

LATCHET, n. (Ital. laccietto, akin
to Lat. laqueus a snare. So) a
thong, a lace for shoes: Isa. 5. 27;
Mk. 1. 7; Lk. 3. 16. Shoe-latchet
is used figuratively for anything
very insignificant: Gen. 14. 23.
The shoemaker must not go above his
latchet.
Lyly's Euphues, p. 203.

LAUD, v.t. (Lat.laudare=) to praise:

Rom. 15. 11.

Laud we the gods.

Shaks. Cymb., v. 5. 476,
One of the hours of the ancient
church services was named Lauds.

LAVER, n. (Lat. lavare to wash).
A vessel of the temple for the
priests to wash their hands and
feet in Ex. 30. 18, &c.

With lavers pure and cleansing herbs
wash off

The clotted gore.

Milton's 8. Agon., 1727.

LIS

Ex. 5. 4; Isa. 43. 13; Rom. 1. 13;
2 Th. 2. 7.

These things let me of my matter.
Latimer's Serm., p. 146.
Cp. Sore let and hindered.

Pr. Bk. Coll. 4th S. in Adv.

people, The

LEWD, adj. (A. S. leóde
Ger. leute; cp. lay, laity).
word at first meant only the com-
mon people, but in time came to
be used (1) for ignorant, Acts 17.5,
and (2) as now, for vicious: Ezek.
16. 27.

(1) No good schoolmaster will suffer such
lewd scholars in his school as will not
learn. Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 181.
(2) Belial, than whom a spirit more lewd,
Fell not from heaven.

Milton's Par, L., i. 490. LIBERTINES, n. (Lat. libertinus a freedman) Jews whose fathers had been carried off as Roman slaves, perhaps by Pompey, B.C. 63, but, being set free, had afterJerusalem, wards returned to and, being regarded as a class apart, had a synagogue to them. selves: Acts 6. 9.

LIEN, p.p. of the verb to lie = lain:

[blocks in formation]

Lot his nephew, but feoparded his body LAY TO, v.t. to apply: Ps. 119. 126, LIGHT, adj. (connected with the

and life for the oppressed.

Coverdale's Works, p. 35.

JESUS, in Acts 7. 45; Heb. 4. 14, is the Gk, form of the Heb. Joshua. JEWRY, n. Judæa, the country of the two tribes, Judah and Benjamin: Dan. 5. 13; John 7. 1. Nehemiah asketh a number of soldiers to conduct him safely into Jewry.

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 327. JOT, n. Heb. jod, Gk. iota, the name of the smallest letter in those alphabets. Hence applied to anything small: Mt. 5. is. So Alpha and Omega, the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, are used to mean beginning and end: Rev. 1. 8.

Rather than I would dissent one jot from it, I would be torn with wild horses. Latimer's Serm., p. 65. JUDGE, v. t. Rom. 14. 3- condemn. (See under Damnation.)

K

KERCHIEF, n. (Fr. couvrechef =) a covering for the head: Ezek. 13.

18, 21.

Is this the fast that I choose, that a man should lap his head in hoods and kerchiefs!

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 558. KIND (A. S. cynd) nature: Gen. 1. 11. Cp. 'kindly natural, fruits of the earth.' Pr. Bk. Litany. Whose death was after the fashion of a kindly and pleasant sleep.

Bacon's Advancement, p. 140. KINE, n. old plural of cow: Gen. 32. 15, &c.

KNAP, Ps. 46. 9, Pr. Bk. Vers., is another form of snap to break. Cp. neeze and sneeze.

Pr. Bk. Vers. Cp. Set to.
LEASING, n. (A. S. leasing a lie.
So) falsehood: Ps. 4. 2; 5. 6.

Some there are in Italy too wise to
be caught with leasings.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 366.

LEAVE, v. t. to leave off: Gen. 29.
35; 1 Sam. 9. 5, &c.

The ant though she toil in summer, yet
in winter she leaveth to travail,

Lyly's Euphues, p. 157.

LEAVEN, n. (Fr. levain, akin to
Lat. lecare, to raise, lift up): Ex.
12. 15, &c. Dough which when sour
causes the new mixing to ferment
and become light.

I have thoroughly sifted the disposition
of youth, wherein I have found more
dough than leaven, more rage than reason.
Lyly's Euphues, p. 123.

LEES, n. (A. S. leah, Fr. lie. That
which lies at the bottom of any
liquid) sediment, dregs: Is. 25. 6;
Jer. 48. 11; Zeph. 1. 12.

Chius, selling the best wine to others,
drank himself of the lees.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 408.

LENTILES, n. (Lat. lens, lentis) a
plant of the tare or vetch kind,
producing seeds in a small pod:
Gen. 25. 34; 2 Sam. 23. 11.

The lentile having the skin or coat taken
off doth more nourish than if it had the
skin on.
Gerarde's Herbal, p. 1050.

LESSER, adj. Gen. 1. 16, &c. Less,
smaller. Double comparatives and
superlatives are not uncommon in
the older English; comp. 'most
Highest'.

He made the lesser beasts lie in wait
one for the other, the crocodile to cope
with the basilisk,

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 71.
LET, v. t. (A. S. lettan) to hinder :

preceding freed from all load.)
Hence careless, idle, worthless :
i.e. adven-
Judg. 9. 4; 1. persons
turers, soldiers of fortune, Zeph.
3. 4.

A light wife doth make a heavy husband.
Shaks. Mer. of Ven., v. 1. 130.

So LIGHTNESS levity, and so
wickedness: 2 Cor. 1. 17; Jer. S. 9.
You may convince me of lightness in
answering such toys.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 74. LIGHT, n. an opening for admitting light, a window: 1 Kin. 7. 4, 5.

Great heed is to be taken how we place our windows, lights, and houses, how we let in or exclude this ambient air.

Burton's Anat., p. 334. LIGURE, n. (Lat. ligurius, in the Vulgate). A precious stone, not identified by modern mineralogists. It was in the high-priest's breastplate: Ex. 28. 19; 89. 12. LIKE, adj. likely: Jer. 38. 9.

I will tell you what is like to come of it. Latimer's Serm., p. 67. LIKE, v. t. to please: Deut. 23. 16; Esth. 8. 8; Amos 4. 5. If my glass do like my lovely lord. Gascoigne's Steel Glass, p. 83. LIKING, n. condition of the body: Job 39. 4. In Dan. 1. 10, used as in worse adj., worse liking condition; cp. well liking', Pa. 29. 13, Pr. Bk. Vers.

I shall think the worse of fat men, as long as I have an eye to make difference of men's liking.

Shaks, Merry Wives, ii. 1. 57.
to like, to
LIST, v. i. (A. S. lystan
will, akin to lust) to please: Mt.
17. 12; Mk. 9. 13; John S. 8; Jam.
3. 4.

It shall be moon, or star, or what I list.
Shaks. Tam, of Skr., iv. 5.7.

MAK

LIVELY, adj. (1) full of life, active, strong: Ex. 1. 19; Ps. 38. 19. &c. The makers of images did the uttermost of their power that a stone might be in figure very like unto a lively creature.

Udall's Erasm. Apophth., p. 20.

(2) Metaphorically, of hope, faith, &c.-active, strong, mighty: Acts 7. 38; 1 Pet. 1. 3; 2. 5.

That record is lively in my soul.

Shaks. Twelfth Night, v. 1. 253. LIVING, n. property, possessions : Mk. 12. 44; Lk. 8. 43, &c.

He called all his soldiers and acquaintance together, and distributed his living and possessions amongst the poorest of them.-Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 51. LODGE, n. (Fr. loger to pass the night). A (watchman's) hut: Isa. 1. 8.

I found him here as melancholy as a lodge in a warren.

Shaks. Much Ado, ii. 1. 222.

LOFT, n. (any place lifted high; cp. Aloft). An upper room or storey: 1 Kin. 17. 19; Acts 20. 9.

The stage had three lofts, one above another. Hakewill's Apologia, iv. 8. 2. LOOK IN THE FACE, a literal rendering of the Hebrew; means to meet in battle: 2 Kin. 14. 8. For the idea, cp. when he had seen him', 2 Kin. 23. 29; 'withstood him to the face', Gal. 2. 11. LOVERS, used of close friends, Ps. 38. 11; of allies, Jer. 30. 14, &c. gain) LUCRE, n. (Lat. lucrum = profit, gain: 1 Sam. 8. 3; 1 Tim. 3.3, &c. Filthy lucre' base gains. Patrons be charged to see the office done, and not, to seek a lucre by patronship. Latimer's Serm., p. 148. LUST, v. i. (A. S. lustan, to desire; cp. list indo as they list'. To long) like, desire (often unlawfully): Deut. 12. 15, &c.

They would worship God, either as they lust themselves, or not at all.

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 73.

LUSTY, adj. (Ger. lustig sprightly) vigorous, strong: Judg. 3. 29; and so LUSTILY, adv. = vigorously: Ps. 33. 3, Pr. Bk. Vers. His purse, from a lean sickliness, he hath made lusty and in flesh.

Earle's Microcosm., p. 25. They work so lustily as though they would finish it in one day.

Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 399.

M.

MAGNIFICAL, adj. (Lat. magnifi calis) magnificent: 1 Chr. 22. 5. (Rare). The adverb is found.

The ancient house of God first set up by Moses, afterward more magnifically framed in timber and stone by Solomon.

Bp. Pilkington's, Works, p. 279.

MAGNIFY, v. (Lat. magnificare, Fr. magnifier) to make great. Hence, (1) to increase the fame and authority, Josh. 3. 7, &c.; Ps. 34. 3, &c.; (2) extol, shew forth the praise of.

(1) Him that thou magnifiest with all these titles.

Shaks. Henry VI., i. iv. 7. 75. (2) Avenzcar magnifies the juice of a pomegranate if it be sweet.

Burton s Anat., p. 307. MAKE, v. t. (1) to pretend: Josh. 8. 15; 9. 4, &c. (2) To do: Judg. 18. 3. See Of.

(1) If thou make as though thou hearest not. Ps. 28. 1. Pr. Bk. Vers. (2) What makest thou in my sight. Shaks. Richard III., i. 3. 164.

[blocks in formation]

MALICIOUSNESS, n. Rom. 1. 29; MEET, adj. (A. S. gemét =) proper, 1 Pet. 2. 16. The Gk. word=wickedness generally.

Imputing his tongue-sore, not to maliciousness, but unto the default of right knowledge.

Udall's Erasm. Apoph., p. 24. MANDRAKE, n. (L. mandragora). The name of a plant, the cleft root of which was supposed to resemble the human figure, and to ensure conception. Hence it was used in making love-potions and philtres: Gen. 30. 14, &c.

(1)

A friend's counsel is a charm like mandrake wine. Burton's Anat., p. 361. MANNER, n. (Fr. maniere) sort, kind: Ex. 12. 16, &c. (2) Habit, custom: 1 Sam. 8. 9, &c. (1) What manner o' thing is your crocodile ? Shaks. Ant, and Cleo., il. 7. 46, (2) As the manner of our country is. Shaks. Romeo, iv. 1. 109.

MANNER, WITH THE, Num. 5. 13. (Conn. with L. manus & hand. Used first of thieves caught with stolen goods upon them. Then in the very act.

If you had not taken yourself with the

manner.

Shaks. Winter's Tale, iv. 4. 752. MANSION, n. (Lat. mansio =) an abiding-place, home, John 14. 2; with no necessary idea of splendour: (cp. Scotch manse).

The spirits of fire have their mansions under the regions of the moon.

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 79. MAR, v. t. (A. S. myrran to scatter and so spoil. So) to injure, damage: Lev. 19. 27; 1 Sam. 6. 5; Jer. 13. 7; 18. 4.

Phrynis, searching for motes with a pair of bleared eyes, thought to amend his masters and marred all

Gosson's School of Abuse, p. 27.

MARISH, n. (Fr. marais=) a morass or marsh, Ezek. 47. 11; cp. mere in Windermere, &c.

They would stand up to the chin many days in marishes without victuals.

Gosson's School of Abuse, p. 34.

MASTERY, n. (Lat. magisterium the office of a master. Hence) success, superiority: Ex. 32. 18; Dan. 6. 24; 1 Cor. 9. 25.

The exercise was shooting and darting. and trying such masteries, as consisted in swiftness of feet.

Gosson's School of Abuse, p 34. MAUL, n. (Lat. malleus, Fr. mail =) a hammer: Prov. 25. 18 (dim. mallet).

His head was the maul, and therein he kept the wedge that entered the knotty pieces that came to the table.

Naunton's Fr. Reg., p. 38.

MAW, n. (A. S. maga=) the stomach: Deut. 18. 3.

Pepper, though it be hot in the mouth is cold in the maw.

Lyly's Euphucs, p. 73. MEAN, adj. (A. S. gemæne, G. gemein =) common. The word had not its modern idea of baseness, but meant lowly, as opposed to exalted: Prov. 22. 29; Isa. 2. 9, &c. [BASE.] See Residue.

The mean must labour to defend the mighty, the mighty must study to defend the mean.

Gosson's School of Abuse, p. 51. MEAT, n. (A. S. mete) the general name for all food, not necessarily

suitable: Ex. 8. 26; Mt. 3. 8. Is there any one more meet to bring up the infant than she that bore it? Lyly's Euphues, p. 128.

MESS, n. (Lt. missussent, Ital. messo, Fr. mets) a dish of food sent to or from a table: Gen. 43. 34; 2 Sam, 11. 8.

I had as lief you would tell me of a mess of porridge. Shaks. Merry Wives, iii, 1. 63. METE, v. t. (A.S. metan, Lat. metiri =) to measure: Ex. 16. 18, &c.

I will pray that thou mayest be measured unto with the like measure that thou hast meten unto others.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 92. METEYARD, n. (A. S. met-geard=) a measuring rod: Lev. 19. 35.

I think the laying of the meteyard in the grave with the dead man came upon some such cause, or else to drive away devils.-Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 317. METHINKETH, v. imp. (A. S. me thineth) it seems to me, 2 Sam. 18. 27 also written me thinks. Methinketh you dally with me. Grindal's Remains, p. 40.

MILCH, adj. giving milk (of kine):
Gen. 32. 15; 1 Sam. 6. 7, 10.
He makes milch kine yield blood.

Shaks, Merry Wives, iv. 4. 33. MINCING, adj. (A. S. minsian; the same root as in minish =) to make small. Used of taking short steps in walking: Isa. 3. 16. Hold up your head and mince.

Shaks. Merry Wives, v. 1. S.
Other trippings to be trod,
With the mincing Dryades.

Milton's Comus, 963.

MIND, v. i. to intend, to have in mind to do: Acts 20. 13.

Him that mindeth to be baptised, the minister dippeth in.

Edward VI.'s Catech. p. 51. MINDED, p. p. inclined, determined: Ruth 1. 18, &c.

I was minded to bring him straight home to you. More's Utopia, p. 29. MINISH, v. t. (Lat. minuere =) to diminish, lessen: Ex. 5. 19; Ps.

107. 39.

It was not decent that the king's horses should be kept in them, the living of poor men thereby minished and taken away. Latimer's Sermons, p. 33. MINISTER, v. t. (Lat. ministrare=) to supply: 2 Cor. 9. 10; Gal. 3. 5. It is dangerous to minister physic unto the patient that hath a cold stomach. Lyly's Euphues, p. 99. MINISTER, n. (1) servant, Lk. 1. 2; cp. 1 Cor. 4. 1; (2) attendant, Lk. 4. 20.

MITE, n. (L. minutum a small thing, Fr. mite). Used for smallest coin: Mk. 12. 42, half a farthing'. I shall not need to disburse one mite for all their marriages.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 279. MOCK, n. (Fr. moquer to ridicule. Hence) ridicule, jeering. To make a mock' to ridicule : Prov. 14.9. She may make it a mock to forsake her new fere [companion].

Lyly's Euphues, p. 921. MOLLIFY, v. t. (Lt. mollifico-) to make soft: Isa. 1. 6 (cp. Lk.10.34). Although the heart of the atheist be so hard that neither reward nor revenge can mollify it. Lyly's Euphues, p. 177.

NAK

MONSTER, (L. monstrum, a thing to be pointed at, digito monstrandum) a wonder: Ps. 71. 6, P. B. V. Thou delightest to have thy attire misshapen to make thee a monster.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 180. MORIAN, Ps. 68. 31; 87. 4, Pr. Bk. Vers., The Morian's land', where A. V. translates Ethiopia'. It means black-a-moor.

A fair pearl in a Morian's ear cannot
make him white. Lyly's Euphues, p. 315.
MORTIFY, v. t. (Lat. mortifico = to
put to death. Hence =) destroy,
root out: Rom. 8. 13; Col. 3. 5.
I can mortify any affections, whether it
be in drink or desire.
Lyly's Euphues, p. 276.
MOTE, n. (A. S. mot) a particle of
dust, such as is seen in the sun-
shine: Mt. 7. 3-5; Lk. 6. 41, 42.
See Mar.

As thick and numberless
As the gay motes that people the sun-
Milton's II. Pens. 8.
beams.

MOTIONS, n. (Lt. motio- a move-
ment. Hence) emotions, im-
pulses: Rom. 7. 5.

His reason serves not to curb, but understand his appetite, and prosecute the motions thereof with a more eager

earnestness.

Earle's Microcosm., p. 51. MOUNT, n. (Lat. mons, Fr. mont=) a mound of earth, an embankment. Used in old times by the Assyrians and other nations as a means for attacking walled cities: Jer. 6. 6, &c.

To walk amongst bowers, mounts, and arbours, must needs be a delectable recreation. Burton's Anat., p. 340. MOUTHS, MAKING, v. t. Ps. 35. 15, Pr. Bk. Vers. (Printed in the 1611 and many succeeding editions 'making mows'), i.e. wry faces.

Apes and monkeys would chatter this way, and contemn with mows the other. Shaks. Cymb., i. 6. 41.

MOVE, v. t. (Lat. movere to move.
Hence) to excite: Dt. 32. 21, &c.

The world doth solicit and move us against God. Latimer's Serm., p. 194. MUFFLER, n. a wrapper for the mouth and lower part of the face: Isa. 3. 19.

I spy a great beard under his muffler, Shaks. Merry Wives, iv. 2, 205, MUNITION, n. (Lat. munitio =) a fortification, fortress: Isa. 29. 7; 33.16; Nah. 2. 1. Munitions of war now signify war stores in general. No defence or munition can keep out a judgment when commissioned by God to South. Serm., viii. 5, MURRAIN, n. (conn. with Lat. mors, death, Fr. mourir to die). pestilence among cattle: Ex. 9. 3. Send the rot half a year amongst his keepers, and so make them away with a after another. murrain one

enter.

A

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 16.
MUSE, v. i. (Fr. muser, to meditate)
to ponder, reflect: Ps. 39. 3; 143.5;
Lk. 3. 15.

As for the Apostles, it appeareth well
that they never mused at it [the Eucha-
rist] nor demanded how it might be.
Grindal's Rem., p. 19.

N.

NAKED, adj. (A.S. nacod nude.)
Used of persons who have doffed
their upper garment: 1 Sam. 19.
24; John 21. 7. So often of un-
armed soldiers.

Gideon with 300 naked men, unharnessed
vanquished them all,-Bp. Pilkington's
Works, p. 233.

[GLOSSARY.]

NAPKIN, n. (It. nappa, Fr. nappe, a
table-cloth). Any little cloth, a
towel or handkerchief: Lk. 19. 20;
John 11. 44; 20. 7.

The ruthless queen gave him to dry his
cheeks.

n.

A napkin.-Shaks. 3 Hen. VI., ii. 1. 62.
NAUGHT, adj. (A. S. náht) worth-
less: 2 Kin. 2. 19; Prov. 20. 14.
badness,
NAUGHTINESS,
worthlessness: 1 Sam. 17. 28, &c.
If the parish be good, and the priest
Latimer's Serm., p. 66.
naught.
The naughtiness of the silver was the
occasion of dearth of all things.

Latimer's Serm., p. 86.
NECROMANCER, n. (Gk. nekro-
mantis) one who calls up the dead
for purposes of divination: Dt.
18. 11. Often spelt nigromancer.

In this island some odd nigromancer did inhabit. Lyly's Euphues, p. 444. NEEDS, (A.S. neádes) of necessity. A genitive case used like an adverb: Gen. 17. 13, &c. See Delectable.

Some fantastical refiners of philosophy will needs persuade us.

Nash's Pierce Penn., p. 66. NEESINGS, n. (A. S. niesan=to sneeze) sneezing: Job 41. 18.

When neesing thou on Jove for succour
seem'st to cry.

NEPHEW, n. (Lat. nepos) a grand-
son: Judg. 12. 14; Job 18. 19; Is.
14. 22; 1 Tim. 5. 4. Formerly the
word's usual meaning.

Most ancient grandmother of all,
Why sufferedst thou thy nephews dear
to fall.
Spenser's F. Q., 1. 5. 22.

NETHER, adj. (A. S. nither below)
lower, Ex. 19. 17, &c.; cp. Nether-
lands for the low-lying lands of
Holland.

NETHERMOST, adj., lowest. Su-
perlative.

The nether end of the ladder is, 'How
shall they preach except they be sent?'
Latimer's Serm., p. 67.
Sulla had paid 3000 nummos for all
the nethermost rooms beneath.

North's Plutarch (ed. 1579), p. 500.
The
NOISE, n. (derivation uncertain,
perhaps Lat. nora injury.
sense of the English word is much
weaker, and seems to be connected
with annoy) chiefly sound, Ezek.
3. 13, whether sad or merry, but
qualified often by word expressive
of mirth: Ps. 47. 5, Pr. Bk. Vers.;
Ps. 66. 1.

отн

O.

OBEISANCE, n. (Fr. obeir, from Lat. obedire to obey). The outward sign of submission, bowing low, prostration: Gen. 37. 7, &c.

When we were come in, we did our obeisance. Grindal's Remains, p. 201. OBLATION, n. (Lat. oblatio) any offering, esp. to God: Lev. 2. 4, &c. We humbly beseech thee to accept our Pr. for Ch. Milit alms and oblutions. OBSERVE, v. t. (Lat. observare) to treat with respect: Mk. 6. 20. The observed of all observers.

Shaks. Hamlet, iil. 1. 162. OCCUPY, v. t.(Lat. occupare, to lay hold of) put out to use, Lk. 19. 13, use in trade, or for any handicraft: Ex. 38. 24. Cp. Ps. 107. 23, P. B. V.,

occupy (= practise or follow) their business in great waters'; also 'occupiers of merchandise', Ezek. 27.27; and 'ropes that never were occupied' used: Judg. 16. 11.

The brass thatthey occupy is brought in from beyond sea.

Lyly's Euphues, p. 247. OCCURRENT, n. (Lat. occurrere= to run against) anything which befals, an occurrence: 1 Kin. 5. 4. He paid the king large tribute of his gratitude in diligent advertisement of the occurrents of Italy.

Bacon's Henry VII, p. 68.

(2)=

Used forOF, prep. (A. S. of). merly where we should employ another preposition; e.g. (1) = by, 'bidden of' (by): Lk. 14. 8. for, Zeal of (for) Thine house' John 2. 17; Zeal of (for) God' Rom. 10. 2.

(1) They are made of them that sell them that they are rare and precious things.

Nash's Pierce Pennilesse, p. 30

OFFENCES
Mat. 18. 7, &c.

causes of stumbling, See Offend.

OFFEND, Y. (Lat. offendere - to trip. So) to cause to stumble, in a moral sense, exactly like Gk. skandalizein to put a stumblingblock in the way, Mat. 5. 29, &c. OFTEN, adj. (A.S. oft frequently) frequent: 1 Tim. 5. 23.

What misery poor soldiers endure, their Burton's Anat., p. 27. often wounds.

27. 20, &c.

So noise abroad to sound abroad, OIL-OLIVE, n. olive oil: Exod.
publish, make widely known: Jos.
6. 27, &c.

NOISOME, adj. (Lat. nocere to
hurt; cp. nuisance, annoy=) hurt-
ful, noxious: Ps. 91. 3, &c.
There is no kind of beast so noisome as
Lyly's Euphues, p. 149.
the flatterer.
NOTABLE, adj. (Lt. nota-amark)
deserving to be marked, or, which
has become marked, remarkable:
Dan. 8. 5, 8; Matt. 27. 16; Acts
See Garnish, Place.
2. 20; 4. 16.
This Josias made a notable alteration.
Latimer's Serm., p. 137.
NOVICE, n. (connect. with Lat.
novus new) one newly admitted
into the Christian body: 1 Tim.3.6.

See Travail.

Wit will smell sweet in the nostrils of all young novices.

Lyly's Euphucs, p. 101.

NURTURE, n. (Fr. nourriture, from
Lat. nutrire to foster). Training,
education: Eph. 6. 4.

On whose nature nurture can never
stick.
Shaks. Tem., iv. 1. 189.

I ask them, with what oil? I mean not, whether with oil-olive, or lamp-oil. Bp. Pilkington's Works, p. 525. ON, prep. In phrase 'on sleep' = asleep, Acts 13. 36; cp. on board=aboard, on shore ashore, on foot = afoot.

ONCE, adv. used of the indefinite
future sometime: Jer. 13. 27.
If idle talk will once be necessary,
Shaks. Ant., v. 2. 50.
I'll not sleep.
OPEN, v. t. (A. S. opnian, to open)
to make clear, explain: Acts 17. 3.
See Allege.

I opened to you also how father Samuel Latimer's Serm., p. 158 clears himself.

OR, prep. (A. S. or beginning,
hence) before. Generally joined
with ever: Ps. 90. 2, &c.; Dan. 6. 24.
The modern word is ere.
Ye may chance to be caught or ye go.
Latimer's Serm., p. 108

OTHER, pron. (A.S. othere). As a
plural, where we should now say
others: Josh. 8. 22; 2 Chr. 32. 22;

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