Jackson, marched briskly forward, on the 30th, through New Market and Mt. Jackson, to the vicinity of HawkinsThe next day, July 1st, with like alacrity, the march was continued, through Edenburg, Woodstock and Maurertown, to a camp near Fisher's hill. On the 2d, the march was through Strasburg, Middletown and Newtown, to the Opequan at Bartonsville; all places that recalled glorious victories. On the 3d, a long march carried Early's men through grand old Winchester, with its ever zealous and patriotic people, all of whom that were not in the army, cheering, meeting and welcoming the passing soldiery. A portion of the command went to Martinsburg and another portion to Leetown, on the way to Harper's Ferry. Part of the cavalry advanced from Winchester, by way of the Back Creek valley, to North Mountain depot, of the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, cut off the retreat of a body of the enemy at Martinsburg, and protected the flank of the army moving in that direction; while another portion led the advance to Leetown, where it encountered the enemy's cavalry, and after a severe engagement drove it through Kearneysville.

On the 4th of July, Ramseur's division marched, by way of Flowing Springs and Brown's, to Halltown, and Rodes' division to the same point by way of Charlestown. This combined force drove the enemy from Halltown and Bolivar heights, and took possession of the latter with its skirmishers, the enemy shelling these from Maryland heights, where they had planted 100-pounder guns, also from Fort Duncan, north of the Potomac, and from works in front of Harper's Ferry. After dark the enemy evacuated the latter place, and Early's skirmishers took possession of it. The other divisions of the army marched from Martinsburg to Duffield's, on the Baltimore & Ohio, not far from Harper's Ferry, and the infantry was again united in that vicinity. McCausland's brigades of cavalry attacked North Mountain depot of the Baltimore & Ohio early on the morning of the 4th, took 200 prisoners, and then marched to Hainesville.

On the 5th of July, Gordon's division crossed the Potomac, at the familiar Boteler's ford, and then marched down the river, on the Maryland side, and encamped near the mouth of the historic Antietam. Vaughn, in command of Breckinridge's division (Breckinridge himself commanding a corps which Early had formed from Breck

inridge's old division and Gordon's division), marched to Sharpsburg and encamped on the famous battlefield. McCausland advanced his cavalry to Shepherdstown, while Ramseur and Rodes spent the day at Harper's Ferry. On the 6th, Gordon continued his march down the Potomac to near Maryland heights, threatening the Federals holding that formidable position; while Ramseur and Rodes marched to the vicinity of Sharpsburg, leaving one brigade on guard at Harper's Ferry. The cavalry advance marched to Boonsboro, at the foot of the South mountain, while McCausland brought his force to the Antietam in front of Sharpsburg.

On the 7th, Gordon drove in the enemy's outposts at Fort Duncan and Maryland heights, and supported by Wharton (Breckinridge's division), he engaged the enemy to within 600 yards of these frowning and commanding fortifications. Rodes, threatening the rear of these same intrenched Federal forces, advanced to near Rohrersville, while Ramseur marched to near Sharpsburg. Lewis' brigade of Ramseur's division remained on Bolivar heights until late in the afternoon, when it rejoined him at Sharpsburg by the usual route. McCausland marched to Hagerstown, and there had an engagement with some United States regular cavalry, which he forced to retreat. The remainder of the cavalry marched across the mountains to the vicinity of Frederick City, where it had a slight engagement with the enemy's outposts.

On the 8th, Ramseur marched, by way of Boonsboro and Middletown, to the summit of the Catoctin mountain, where he found Early's cavalry advance in position, and where he encamped. Gordon and Wharton marched from Rohrersville, by way of Fox's gap and Middletown, to the foot of the Catoctin mountain; while Rodes, from Rohrersville, crossed the South mountain by Crampton's gap and encamped near Jefferson, also at the foot of the Catoctin mountain, but a few miles south from the camp of the other divisions, and in position to meet any demonstration from the enemy's force left on Maryland heights. McCausland marched all night, passed the Boonsboro gap at daylight and went on to Frederick City, where he skirmished with the enemy, and then encamped in front of the infantry at Middletown.

The battle of the Monocacy, a short and bloody battle, was fought on the 9th of July. Ramseur, at an early

hour of that morning, drove in the enemy's pickets, near Frederick City, and followed them through that town toward Monocacy Junction of the Baltimore & Ohio, on the eastern side of Monocacy river, where a Federal army, under Gen. Lew Wallace, occupied a strong position, protected by two well-constructed block-houses, one of them flanked by strong earthworks on a nearby hill, its main force occupying a commanding plateau extending southward from the block-houses and overlooking the lovely valley of the Monocacy. Ramseur promptly engaged the enemy in his front, skirmished with them, and brought several batteries into position to reply to those from the plateau that had opened on him. Having reconnoitered the enemy's position, Early ordered McCausland's brigade of cavalry, which had moved from Middletown by way of Jefferson, to cross the Monocacy, below the enemy, and get upon his flank. This movement was successful, and he quickly drove away the Federal cavalry and skirmished with its infantry. Gordon's division soon followed McCausland, struck the enemy's flank and drove it back in confusion, having turned its works, to a second line, which he also broke and completely routed, pursuing them for some distance and capturing many prisoners, until night closed the pursuit. McCausland's brigade followed the enemy's cavalry to Urbana, on the road to Washington city, and there had an engagement with them, after which he fell back to the Monocacy.

Rodes' division moved out on the road to Baltimore and had a brief skirmish with Wallace's discomfited and retreating army. Early's troops encamped on the battlefield, resting from their decisive, but dearly bought victory. Gen. Bradley Johnson's brigade of cavalry, formerly Jones', started on an expedition to the vicinity of Baltimore, riding by way of Liberty, Unionville and Westminster, then along the Western Maryland railroad to Relay and to Gunpowder bridge, on the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore railroad, which they destroyed; detached parties visited other important points to the north of Baltimore, and all returned, by way of Brookeville, to the vicinity of Washington, where they rejoined the main body on the 12th.

On Sunday, the roth, the enemy retreated toward Baltimore. Early destroyed the iron bridge of the Balti