death if employed by practitioners in gene ral; all of whom would not proceed with the caution and accuracy of Dr. Beddoes. Upon the whole, we must prefer the exhibition of air with an under proportion of oxygen. ་ Various interefting publications have made their appearance during the last half year on the fubject of the Variola Vaccine, or Cow-pox, the happy fuccefs of which difeafe, as a fubftitute for the fmall-pox, we have frequently had occafiou to notice. Notwithstanding the ftubbornnefs of three thoufand well-attefted facts, we fear it will be a confiderable time before the practice of incculating for this difeafe will become general. It is certainly neither fo painful nor fo loathfome as the fall-pox, and the rifque attending it is fo trifling, that no truly affectionate parent will hefitate which to prefer; nor, from the fatisfactory evidence which is before the public, can there be any doubt but it is a fure defence againft the fmall-pox. Among the moft refpectable of the faculty, little doubt of its utility appears to exit; its general and early adoption will, however, in great meafure, depend on the courage of parents, as practitioners in confined diftricts will hesitate to commit themfelves, by recommend ng a difeafe which, in one cafe in four or five hundred, has proved as virulent as bad cafes of the difeafe which it is intended to prevent. It cannot, however, be too often repeated, that of three thoufand known cafes of vaccine inoculation, not one of them has proved mortal, and that in the inoculated fmallpox the fatal cafes are one in five hundred. The increating opinion of the faculty appears to be, that the vaccine-pock is a milder (pecies of the variole. In confequence of Dr. JACKSON's thinking that the illness which terminated the life of the late much to be lamented Mrs. Godwin, originated in the neglect of fome of the attentions neceffary during the puerperal ftate, he has published Cautions to Women refpecting the State of Pregnancy, the Progrefs of Labour and Delivery" but it is an aftonishing circumftance, that he has not in the course of his work stated, what thofe fatal omiffions were. ་་ The pam phlet, however, is a very useful one. We have at length fome official information with refpect to that dreadful fcourge of America, the yellow fever; the College of Phyficians of Philadelphia having published" Facts and Obfervations relative to the Nature and Origin of the Peftilential Fever which prevailed in the City of Philadelphia in 1793, 1797, and 1798." From this account it appears that this difeafe has been in every inftance imported from the West Indies; the College therefore recommends fuch measures as Teem well calculated to prevent the poifon from being again fuffered to enter the country. Dr. SHERWEN has collected and publihed, in one pamphlet, "The Valuable Papers on the Difeafes of the Bladder, on the Ufe of the Cauftic Bougie, and on the Schirro-contracted Rectum," which he had inferted in the Memoirs of the Medical Society of London. Dr. ROLLO has published a fecond edition of his "Effay on the Diabetes Mellitus," which is enriched by feveral new cafes, and contains the continuation of those which were unfinished at the period of the former publication; he likewife prefents us with the results of the trials of fome of the acids in the cure of lues venerea; and by thefe, the propriety of their exhibition is much strengthened. "A 'Cafe of Diabetes with an Hiftorical Sketch of that Difeafe, by THOMAS GIRDLESTONE, M. D." is the work of a Phyfician of much provincial celebrity, In the preface, the author acknowledges the obligations he owes to Dr. Rollo and Mr. Cruickshanks, but thinks that the former overlooked fome parts of his letter to him: his hiftorical sketch of diabetes is interfperfed with much claffical and appofité quotation. The mode of cure which Dr. Girdleft one recom. mends, is a ftrict adherence to animal diet. The poftfcript contains a cafe, communicated to the author by Dr. Lubbock; but as it was not a very important one, and as its termination was not known, in confequence of the patient having deferted from the Norwich hofpital during the late election for that city, we do not fee the propriety of its infertion. "The Cafe of Elizabeth Woodcock, who, during laft winter, remained buried under the fhow, with no other fuftenance than what the obtained by fucking the walls of her prifon," has been prefented to the public by THOMAS VERNEY OKES, the furgeon who attended her. He gives a minute account of all the circumftances of this extraordinary cafe in rather a pompous manner. His medical treatment, which he fupofed to have ter minated in the recovery of his patient, appears to have been judicious: but we un derftand that he is fince dead. Dr. WILLIAM BUTTER, of Edinburgh, burgh, has published A Treatise on the Virulent Gonorrhea," which he affectedly calls the Venereal Rofe: his mcthod of cure in obftinate cafes, which refift the common remedies, is to exhibit the infpiffated juice of hemlock in dofes of ten grains, which, he fays, is a fafe and certain cure. This mode of treatment was communicated to him by Baron Storck in 1774 Mr. JAMES PARKINSON has publifhed Medical Admonitions addreffed to Families:" but which to us feem more calculated for the profetion, to whom they will prove ufeful. The two Dr. DUNCANS have pub lished a fresh volume of the "Annals of Medicine," which does not contain any thing of great novelty or importance. A fecond volume of that highly ufeful work, Dr. TROTTER'S "Medicina Nautica," has made its appearance; we have great pleasure in finding that the very judicious recommendations of our author with refpect to ventilation and cleanlinefs, and particularly the infula tion of those attacked by contagious fevers, have been attended to on board his Majefty's hips, and have had the defired effect in rendering contagion accidentally introduced eafily extinguishable. But we are not a little furprifed at the decided oppofition of Dr. Trotter to fu. migation with nitrous a id gas, which he afferts, in direct oppofition to the opinion of Dr. Carmichael Smyth, and to the teftimonies collected by him, which we have already noticed, to be not only incapable of purifying foul air, but to contribute materially to its deterioration. It is a dreadful ftroke to the caufe of fcience, and tends to produce philofophi, calfcepticifm, when we find two men of talents, and both profeffing to have evidence from the experience of others as well as their own, thus differing from each other toto cœlo. When we confider the great attraction of nitrous gas for Oxygen, we cannot help thinking that it muft tend to diminish the proportion of this constituent part of the atmosphere in which the fumigations are made; but whether air, with this under proportion of oxygen, be more or lefs fit for perfons with contagious fevers, cannot be determined by mere reasoning. "An Effay on preferving Health, and of attaining to an advanced Age," contains fome useful precepts, though not original, and much entertaining dietetic information. "Remarks on fome of the Opinions of the late Mr. John Hunter, by HENRY CLUTTERBUCK" this publication contains a variety of facts and arguments in oppofition to Mr. Hunter's peculiar opinions on Lues, and prefent us with feveral inftru&tive cafes and many practical obfervations well worthy of attention. Mr. WALKER'S "Memoirs of Medicine, from the earliett Period to the Eighteenth Century," is a work of merit, and worthy the attention of the medical ftudent, who ought to be well acquainted with what has been done in this fcience before he indulges in the prefent rage for new facts, fome of which will be found to have little claim to novelty, and improvements, which frequently are worthy of that title. Dr. WILSON'S "Treatife on Febrile Difca es" commences with an In-. troduction, which contains the author's nefology of febrile difeafes, not materally differing from Dr. Cullen's, but more correct in feveral of the definitions. The firft book treats of intermitting and remitting fevers; the fecond of continued fevers. The Brunonian doctrine is explained at grear length, its defects and errors are pointed out, and its merits fairly appreciated. With respect to the treatment and cure of fevers, Dr. Wilfor has exhibited the practice of the best au, thors, and his regular reference to then, through his whole work, greatly en hances its value to the young ftudent, to whom this book may be warmly recommended. Dr. G. FORDYCE, already fo well known to the world, has published *A Third Differtation on Fever." Part II. which will in no degree derogate from his well-earned fame. A fifth volume has appeared of the "Memoirs of the Medical Society of London. Dr. BEDDOES has published a "Notice of fome Obfervations made at the Medical Pneumatic Inftitution," which in fact is principally an introduction to a regular account of the inftitution which is to make its appearance every quarter, under the title of Refearches concerning Nature and Man. The mot ftriking part of the prefent pamphlet is the account of the aftonishing effects produced bv breathing the gafeous oxyd of azore. AGRICULTURE. "A general View of the Agriculture of the County of Lincoln, drawn up for the Confideration of the Board of Agriculture, by the Secretary to the Board," bears marks of Mr. Young's ufual clearnefs of judgment and perfeverance; and as, as, in the furvey which he made of the county, he met with the most friendly encouragement and utmost candour and communicativenefs on the part of the perfons employed in agriculture, he has been able to prefent the public with a mats of information which may be depended upon. The refult of Mr. Young's enquiry is, that Lincoln fhire is a fertile rather than a beautiful county, though he has pointed out fo many picturefque beauties in it, as to prove that it is not fo devoid of beauty as is commonly imagined; that the roads are bad; that the women are very lazy as they do nothing but bring forth children and eat cake,' and that the ftate of its manufactures is very much below par. The volume contains a map of the foil of Lincolnshire, and yarious other maps, and fome plates. "The Practical Planter, &c." by WALTER NICOL, is the work of a gentleman who has already been employed more than once by the Board of Agriculture to promote its purposes. The author firongly recommends that all the wafte lands fit for the purp fe fhould be planted; for he juftiy obferves, that we depend now on foreign nations for the means of fupporting our great national bulwark, the navy; that the balance of the timber trade is confiderably against us, and before we can raise fufficient fupplics, may, perhaps, be in favour of our enemies. The work is written with perfpicuity, and does honour to the author's good fenfe, experience, and patriotifm. Mr. BILLINGSLEY has republifhed his "General Review of the Agriculture of the County of Somerfet," which he drew up for the confideration of the Board of Agriculture in 1795. He has made feveral amendments, and added the remarks of a number of refpectable gentlemen and farmers of the county. There is undoubtedly much valuable and interefting matter in this publication, but it is frequently thrown together in a loofe and careless manner. VOYAGES AND TRAVELS. We cannot more properly commence this article than with the notice of an interefting work, from which we have derived an uncommon degree of information, relative to the vaft continent of America. Tour through the United States of North America, the Country of the Iroquois, and Upper Canada, in the Years 1795, 1796, and 1797. By the Duke de la ROCHEFOUCAULT LIANCOURT." America once formed part of the British empire, but the child grew too big to be managed; and it must be owned, now that the lapfe of feveral years has rendered us capable of judging with calmness, that the frowardness was rather on the part of the parent than of the child. But, though the bands of civic union which once united us with the Americans are diffevered, there are ftill fo many points in common between us, fo much political connexion, fo much commercial intercourse, fuch a fimilarity of manners, fuch an identity of language, that every authentic account of the actual fate of that rifing people cannot fail of being received with eagerness by the British public. The author of the prefent work is one of the many virtuous and refpectable characters whom the volcano of the French revolution has thrown from its unfathomable crater; and he could not, it feems to us, fpend the time of his exile better, than in examining a country fo gigantic in its natural productions, fo boundlefs in its extent, fo various in its population, fo peculiarly calculated to attract the attention of a philofophic mind, as the continent of America. The refult of the obfervations which he has been en abled to make, by a three years' prefence on the fpot, he has communicated to the public in the French language. Mr. NEUMAN has tranflated it into English; and, in his preface, lays claim to faithfulnefs, fimplicity, and correctness, of Englifh phrafeology. Not having feen the original, we can only fay, that we are not unwilling to admit his firft claim, from our conviction of the juftice of the two latter. The author has not only filled his pages with information of the most recent and important kind, but he has done it in a very ample manner; for his work confifts of no less than two large quarto volumes; which, as they may in fome degree be confidered diftinct works, the firft containing the tour through the northern provinces, and the fecond that through the fouthern, each illuftrated with its appropriate maps, may be purchafed feparately. The Duke de Liancourt has conducted his work very much on the plan of Mr. Arthur Young's "Tour through France and Italy ;" and we find in it the fame minute attention to the quality of the foil, the state of agriculture, the condition of the hufbandman, and the progrefs of manufactures, which rendered the latter gentleman fo ufeful a traveller. The prefent work! contains much authentic information relative to other ftriking features of the American republic; and is interfperfed with fo much perfonal anecdote and adventure, as will make it agreeable even to thofe who read for amufement merely. We were particularly ftruck by the hiftory of Mr. Johnfon, of Virginia, who, in 1790, was taken prifoner, in confequence of an artful manoeuvre of fome tribes of native Indians, as he was defcending the Ohio, and who, after being in the most imminent danger of experiencing the dreadful vengeance of Indian conquerors, was luckily refcued, and returned fafe to his habitation at Richmond, where our traveller became acquainted with him. Mr. Adams is highly fpoken of as a zealous promoter of the American revolution; for his powers of converfation, abounding in farcaltic, yet not uncourteGus wit, and for his modeft and retired mode of living. This was while he was vice-prefident of the United States. We are forry to find that Dr. Priestley has not obtained all the refpect in America which his virtues and extraordinary talents entitled him to expect. We doubt there is much truth in our author's obfervation, that this people of traders would give up all the experiments on air for one profitable speculation. The Travels of M. FAUJAS DE ST. FOND in England and Scotland," which were published at Paris in 1792, have been well tranflated into Englih. This enlightened and philofophical traveller vifited Great Britain in 1784, before the prefent lamentable rancour fubfifted between the two nations, and viewed, with a very approving eye, the admirable ftate of fuch of our manufactures as the jealousy of trade permitted him to infpect. He gives a very lively and interefting account of the eminent characters to whom he was introduced; particularly of Sir Jofeph Banks, Dr. Priestley, Mr. Whitchurft, Mr. Cavallo, and Mr. Sheldon. The account of an anatomical preparation of a young lady, of whom the latter gentleman had been the lover, and which he keeps in his bed-chamber, is uncommonly ftriking. No one can read without pleasure the account of our traveller's introdution to Dr. and Mifs Herfchel: indeed, there are continual marks of the goodness of his heart, as well as the foundness of his judgment, and the livelinefs of his imagination. He frequently liments, with the utmost poignancy, the fevere fate of his philofophical friends who have fallen under the bloody axe of the revolution. The main objects which M. de St. Fond had in view were mineralogy and natural history, of which perhaps there is ra ther too much for readers in general; but his animated defcription of the cave of Fingal cannot fail of interesting every body. Mifs PLUMPTRE has prefented the public with a very excellent tranflation of "Matthiefon's Letters from various Parts of the Continent, between the Years 1785 and 1794." We are glad to find that this lady has turned her attention to fomething befides German plays, wich which we have in truth been furfeited. The moft interefting part of thefe letters is the account of the great living literary characters of Germany. The author lavifhes his praife too indifcriminately, and his opinion must therefore be received with caution. He gives fome uncommonly interefting anecdotes of perfons in France, which he vifited immediately after the inftitution of the Republic,anecdotes which will make the hearts of every friend of liberty to glow. At the end of the volume are given three original letters from our countryman Gray to Charles Von Bonftetten, baillie of Nion, in the canton of Berne, written in more than his ufual querulous style of defpondency. Matthiefon himfelf is a poet; but it is rather unfortunate that Mifs Plumptre should have attempted the translation of one of his poems. Since the hazardous expedition of the French to Egypt and Syria, and the very interefting account published by Mr. Eton of the Turkish empire, the public curiofity has been eagerly attracted to thefe countries: hence the avidity with which the narratives of BROWNE and SONNINI have been received. They are both of them folid and scientific, but certainly rather dull works. Mr. Browne is, we understand, a gentleman of education and fortune, and, confequently, his expofing himself to the very great rifque which invariably attends Frank travellers in thefe barbarous and fanatical regions is the more to be wondered at. Mr. Browne arrived in Egypt in January 1792, and spent the whole of that year, and part of the next, in exploring the wonderful works of nature, and ruins of works of art, which that once celebrated country ftill contains. In May 1793 he began his African journey, in the courfe of which he arrived at the kingdom of Dar-Fur, till then abfolutely unvifited by any European traveller, and thus rendered the moft effential fervice to the geography of Africa. In this curious and interefting country he was compelled by the fultan to remain three years, and was thereby prevented from penetrating penetrating farther to the fouth or weft, as he had intended. In 1797 he vifited Syria; and, after remaining there fome months, proceeded to London by way of Conftantinople. Mr. Browne has altered the orthography of many of the towns through which he paffed: Damietra is Damiatt, Rofetta Rafchid, Joppa Yaffe, and Cairo Kahira. The greatelt ufe of this journey has been to rectify fome confiderable mistakes of major Rennel, and other geographers, who had before treated of this imperfectly explored country. It ought to be obferved, that this work is occifionally tinctured by the new philofophy, and contains paffages of an Antichristian tendency. M. Sonnini was an engineer in the French navy, and employed by the old government of France; which, if we may believe our author (vol. II. p. 230), had the fame defign of colonifing Egypt which the republic has fince carried into effect, to explore that country, and bring as minute an account as poffible of all that it contained worthy of notice. It is faid that his account af fifted in determining the directory to put that remarkable proje& into execution. The work was not published at Paris till the prefent year, fo that Dr. Hunter, who has prefented the English public with a tranflation, has at least the merit of celerity and induftry. The contraft between the political fentiments of the author and the tranflator is very ftriking the former takes every opportunity of alluding, with enthufiaftic admiration, to the French revolution, and to the Egyptian expedition of Bonaparte; the latter prefixes to his tranflation an almost idolatrous dedication to Mr. Pitt, and nfufes continually into his notes antidotes against what he deems the poifon of the text. In this account of Egypt there is too minute an attention to natural hiflory for the general reader. The author made an expedition to that part of the Libyan defert which is called the defert of Nitria, or Saint Macarius, and gives a mot difgufting picture of the Cophitic monks, who refide in the convent of Zaidiel Baramous; but every thing he fays on religious fubjects must be received with caution, as, from feveral paffages, he appears to be deftitute of religion. His account of the Saade, or ferpent-eaters, is curious, and thows what a Circe fuperftition is: but the most novel and ftriking defcription is that of certain operations practifed in Egypt on females, which are deraled, both in the original and in the tranflation, with a minutenefs which had better have been avoided, as they render the book quite unfit for the parlour window. From the circumftance of Mourat Bey having come in competition with Buonaparte, the anecdotes relating to him will of courfe be read with avidity. A portrait of this warrior is prefixed to the fecond volume; befides which, there are feveral maps and engravings illuftrative of the work. We cannot ipeak very highly in favour of the tranflation: it has now and then fome misconstructions which are almoft ludicrous. Mr. PRATT, after publishing three volumes of his "Gleanings" on the Continent, has added a fourth, which contains the commencement of his gleaning in this country. We are given to underftand that this volume, which contains only part of Norfolk, forms but the beginning of the author's defign. If the fequel be carried on with the fame tedious garrulity as the commencement, the public will have reafon to with that Mr. Pratt had never formed the defign of gleaning in England. The part of this work which will the most interest the reader, is the account of an interview which this gleaner had with an amiable and moft eccentric character, Henry Lee Warner, Efq. the proprietor of Walfingham Abbey: however aftopifhing is peculiarities may appear, we have reafon to believe the defcription is not at all exaggerated. The country about Cromer is fingularly beautiful, and had it been gleaned by a man of taste and judgment, would have yielded fomething befides poppies. "Letters from Italy, between the Years 1792 and 1798, by MARIANA STARKF," form a work which, though it poffeffes no literary merit, is very interefting at the prefent moment, from the extraordinary circumstances which occurred during the author's refidence in Italy. Mrs. Starke prefents us with a view of the revolutions in that country, from the capture of Nice by General Anfelm in the autumn of 1792, to the expulfion of Pius VI. from the ecclefiaftical ftate. Our author is cridently very hoftile to the French caufe, which the ca:ls that of blafphemers, regicides, and robbers; but, except in a few inftances, the has treated its partifans with candour. She acknowledges to have witnessed the mifery of Savoy under the old government, and we are therefore the less surprised at the favourable reception the French met with in that country. Whether the Savoyards have had reafon to repent of their conduft we know not; but we very much fufpect that both in France and in the |