southern provinces was increased to 30,000 florins (2500l.). The supplementary outlay on the part of the State for popular education amounted, according to the budget of 1820, to—

In 1823 the total cost of the lower schools was as follows, and this sum appears to have been charged in the budget.

This sum is equivalent to 20,1957. 11s. In 1826 it is reported that of 1000 of the population, 90% attended school. Of 392,889 children reputed of a school age, 220,237 were in attendance at school, and 172,652 as not attending. In 88 pauper schools, 10,555 children were instructed in 1826. The number of schoolmasters' associations had increased to 336, with 4939 members.

Hence the total sum expended on public education for the people amounted in 1828 to 41,377. 10s. The number of parishes in the kingdom was then 2751, of which 1146 had fixed public schools; and to 668 of these a master's house was attached. The outlay of the year for each school was, therefore, 367. per school. The number of scholars in attendance in winter was 247,496.

The first year in which the public accounts were kept for the northern provinces alone, after the separation of Belgium from the Netherlands, the sums allowed to public education in Holland very much exceeded all preceding outlay.

Of this large sum, 76,3177., raised by 2,450,000 persons, nearly 20,000l. was for building and repairs. from which this table is taken, the

In the official statements, salaries of masters rank

amongst the parish expenses for 307,934 florins.

The annual report for 1846, which is the latest we have seen, gives no financial details. It states the number of teachers, of pupils, and of schools to have been the following.

NUMBER and ATTENDANCE of PUBLIC, PARISH, and other SCHOOLS in Holland in 1846.

The results of this statement show one public school for 950 of the population, and that, of the total population in 1846, one in eight enjoyed public instruction.

SWEDEN.

Notwithstanding the government undertook the direction in national education, and decrees were issued for the organization of schools as early as 1820, yet the officially published reports contain only a class of schools that are especially adapted to the wants of the richer classes. It is true that, from these reports, every school seems to be open to, and to contain, scholars of every class; yet the small number of children of the work-people leads to the inference that something in the arrangement is discouraging to the poor. The official reports state the attendance throughout the kingdom to have been as follows, commencing from the year 1822 to 1824.

The population in 1843 is stated to have been 3,138,887, so that, if no more than 19,000 were at school, the proportion is as 1 to 165 of the population.

From the great dispersion of the population in Sweden, the school attendance, as the reports explain, is necessarily bad. The following statement gives a survey of the schools, and attendance for 10 years, from 1833 to 1843, throughout the kingdom. It includes schools of all descriptions.

It would appear from this survey that about 17,000 was the utmost average annual attendance in 65 schools, which had 487 teachers. It has always been assumed in Sweden, that a very large proportion of the children of the kingdom receive instruction from their parents at home.

Translation of a Report on the State of General Education in Sweden, transmitted by Her Majesty's Minister, dated July 1, 1847.

All the consistories in the kingdom having been required to draw up reports stating the condition of the general education of the country, as actually existing on the 1st of July, 1847, and these documents being now in our hands, we communicate therefrom as follows.

In the city of Stockholm, with about 83,000 inhabitants, instruction was given on the 1st of July last to the following children within the years required for school attendance.

In fixed schools, 2466; in public gymnasia, 1013; in private schools, 1841; and in their own homes, 724; while 1850 children received no instruction. The masters and mistresses in the fixed schools amounted to 24 examined and 41 unexamined. Of these, 24 were also clergymen, and one was a parish clerk. In several places, the public schools were already in full operation, and where this was not the case, it was expected they would be fully organized before the close of the year.

Within the diocese of Upsala, with a population of about 310,000 souls, were at the same time 156 examined teachers, of which number 55 fixed or temporary masters are clergymen, and 85 are also either organists or clerks. The number of children within the years of instruction, beginning at the seventh year, was 38,956, of whom 19,681 were boys, and 19,275 were girls. Of these, 9545 received instruction in fixed schools, 6398 in ambulatory schools, 2287 in private schools (including village schools), and in their own homes, 18,576; while 1075 remain entirely untaught. In 48 parishes the schools had not yet been organized in accordance with the regulations of the School Bill; but of these, 13 parishes had their schools in full operation at the commencement of last September, and in 21 others announcements had been published for properly qualified masters.

In the diocese of Linköping most of the popular schools were organized and in full activity at the period now mentioned. In the other parishes measures had been taken for the same purpose, so that several schools have been opened since the 1st of last July, and some others will be ready before the end of the year. In some cases difficulties had arisen, partly for want of school-houses, and partly for want of masters, the supply of the latter examined from the seminary not being yet sufficient, especially as this diocese contains upwards of 200 parishes.

In the diocese of Skara 13,362 children had received education, in accordance with the School Act, in 143 fixed and 42 ambulatory schools, established either in the school year now mentioned, or shortly after the publication of the School Act. In some few parishes the public schools were not yet completely organized. Since then, however, several schools have come into operation, and it is hoped that most of the others will be ready within the present school year. About 150 masters had been examined from the teachers' seminary since its commencement.

In 11

In the diocese of Strengnäs, containing 170 parishes, were 144 fixed schools; 36 of these were also united with one or more ambulatory schools, and in 11 parishes the latter kind alone existed. In several places, two parishes had a school in common. parishes the schools had not yet been opened; but since then six of these have been fully organized, and in the other five no applications have yet been made for the vacant masterships. Of the teachers, 89 were examined from some seminary; 27 were clergymen, and 69 were either organists or clerks. The pupils in the public and private schools amounted to 15,539; those instructed at home to 11,631, and 476 were untaught. Since the opening of the seminary, 75 pupils had been received, of whom 45 had left its walls duly qualified.

In the diocese of Vesterâs, with a population of 257,428 persons, 7160 children were taught in fixed schools, and 8258 in ambulatory. In the public gymnasia 389 boys were educated, and in private schools 894 children; 646 children were altogether untaught. In the public schools 99 of the masters had been examined at a seminary, 74 of whom were enployed in the fixed schools, and 25 in the ambulatory; the unexamined teachers amounted to 310, of whom 86 were in fixed schools, and 224 in ambulatory; 28 of the teachers were clergymen, and 41 either organists or clerks. Since the opening of the seminary, 119 persons had received instruction there, and 83 had taken their due examination; of this number 17 were clergymen.

The diocese of Veriö contains 186 parishes, divided into 148 school districts. Of these, on the 1st of July last, 118 were fully organized and provided with teachers, while in 30 districts the schools were not yet ready; 23 of these remained closed for want of masters. Most of the parishes here are excessively large, and a majority of the schools are therefore ambulatory. Since the opening of the seminary, 146 pupils had been received, of whom 101 had left duly examined.

In the diocese of Lund, the children capable of instruction, from an average age of seven years, were taught as follows: in fixed schools, 34,210; in ambulatory, 10,582; in public gymnasia, 131 boys; in private seminaries, 1496 children; and in their own homes, 11,857; 3991 remaining untaught. Sunday-school instruction was enjoyed by 6770 children. The masters and mis